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Report on the Dec. 5, 1993 GEM Mini-Workshops
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GEM WORKING GROUP 2: PARTICLE ENTRY, BOUNDARY STRUCTURE, AND TRANSPORT
                     Lou Lee and Pat Newell (Co-chairs)

During this mini-workshop, several of the controversial topics from the 1993 
Snowmass Workshop were reconsidered. The workshop also provided a progress 
report on topics which have been suggested for study during the 
Snowmass meeting. Topics addressed during the workshop are 

1) Whether FTE's are driven or form spontaneously. (J. Jacob, G. Le) 
2) Categories and properties of poleward moving auroral forms. (G. Fasel)
3) Whether FTE's provide sufficient flux transport to explain the 
   polar cap potential. (P.T. Newell and D. Sibeck)
4) Slow mode shocks at the magnetopause (D. Walthour) and the 
   influence of shear flow on the reconnection layer (Y. Lin).
5) Simulations of a magnetic re-reconnection process (A. Otto)
6) Observations (P. Song) and simulations (M. Yan) of 
   slow mode waves in the magnetosheath 
7) Simulations of small scale turbulence at the magnetopause (J. Drake)
8) Closure of anisotropic MHD for the magnetosheath (P. Gary)
9) GEM Magnetopause Catalogue (P. Song)

All of the contributions and the discussion illustrated considerable 
progress on many of the topics from the last Snowmass workshop. 
Several of the suggested studies from the Snowmass workshop have 
already produced interesting new results (4, 5, 6, 7). The discussion 
in the contributions 1 and 2 illustrated that the formation and the 
importance of FTE's are still open questions. The mini workshop also 
illustrated the need for cross scale coupling of the various processes.
Important questions which were raised during the workshop address 

- the formation of FTE's (1) and role of FTE's for the global flux 
  transport(3).
- the relation between the small scale turbulence and larger scale 
  FTE's.
- the relation between quasi-stationary structures (4) and time 
  dependent processes (5).
- how are small and local scale processes (4, 5, 6, 7) related to 
  ionospheric observations (2) and how could they possibly be 
  incorporated into a global magnetosphere/ionosphere model?