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			 **   THE GEM MESSENGER   **
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						     Volume 9, Number 32
						     September 2, 1999

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1999 Snowmass Report: Tail/Substorm WG-3: The GEM Substorm Challenge 
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From: Jimmy Raeder (jraeder at igpp.ucla.edu)

At the 1999 GEM Snowmass meeting the GEM Substorm Challenge Working 
Group gathered for the last time.

The main issues were:

- Presenting the latest results from modeling and analysis efforts.
- Deciding on how to publish the results.
- A discussion of future challenges.

I. Several presentations were given: 
=====================================

J. Raeder gave a short introduction to the event and discussed the 
timeline of this substorm based on the available data. J. Sigwarth 
presented Polar/VIS images and movies and discussed the substorm from 
the auroral perspective.

G. Lu, L. Lyons, and R. Greenwald discussed the ionospheric convection 
associated with this event. Lyons pointed out that this substorm may 
be triggered by a northward turning of the IMF if certain assumptions 
about the solar wind propagation from the Wind satellite to the 
magnetosphere were made.

S. Slinker and J. Raeder presented results from global MHD 
simulations. The simulations were basically in agreement with the 
observations but gave no indication of IMF triggering. B. Hausmann 
presented results from the Rice convection model applicable for this 
event. X. Li showed how his injection model could be used to 
understand the substom injections. K. Nishikawa showed results from 
his three-dimensional kinetic simulations, and D Swift presented a new 
two-dimensional hybrid model of the tail.

II. Publications:
==================

It was decided that forthcoming papers from this study should be 
published collecively, if possible in JGR-Space. The editor of 
JGR-Space, Janet Luhmann, has in the mean time agreed to publish the 
papers as a collection. Details are given in the accompanying call for 
papers.

III. Forthcoming Challenges:
=============================

T. Onsager reported on the "Electrojet" and "Geomagnetic Indices"
Prediction and Nowcast Challenges put forward during the Space
Weather Week, a meeting sponsored by NOAA SEC, AFRL, and NSF.
Details of these challenges can be found on the SEC website
http://sec.noaa.gov/~swc/sww99/index.html.  It was decided that 
these challenges should remain under the auspices of NOAA/SEC, 
however, a mini-workshop regarding these challenges will be held
at the 1999 GEM pre-AGU meeting in December.

Jimmy Raeder / Nelson Maynard

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