gem - User contributions [en]

FG: Understanding the causes of geomagnetic disturbances in geospace for hazard analysis on geomagnetically induced currents

2025-12-14T17:49:30Z

Dsozturk: /* 2025 mini-GEM Workshop */

== Focus Group Chairs ==
Xueling Shi, Clemson University (xuelins@clemson.edu)

Dogacan Su Ozturk, University of Alaska Fairbanks (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

Mark Engebretson, Augsburg University (engebret@augsburg.edu)

Zhonghua Xu, The University of Texas at Arlington (zhonghua.xu@uta.edu)

Erin Joshua Rigler, USGS (erigler@usgs.gov)

== Overview ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) related to various phenomena in the near-Earth space environment can induce geoelectric fields within the electrically conducting Earth. In turn these geoelectric fields drive electric currents that can flow through technological infrastructure in the form of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) and cause potential damage to power grid, pipelines, and submarine cables. Our focus group (FG) aims to improve the physical understanding of the causes of GMDs through observations, numerical simulations, and machine learning techniques in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system for hazard analysis on GICs. Understanding the causes of GMDs is crucial in the development and validation of models which aim to accurately and reliably predict the variations of geoelectric fields and GICs and are objectives of the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (NSWSAP, 2019).

== Topic Description ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) have long been used to derive global geomagnetic activity indices (e.g., Kp, AE, and Dst), remote sense the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) currents and plasma waves, and as inputs to geoelectric field/GIC models. The sources of GMDs are directly related to various M-I currents and plasma waves which can be attributed to various drivers in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system. Despite extensive research, questions still remain regarding the common sources and driving mechanisms of GMDs. Many studies have focused on the association of GMDs with large-scale geomagnetic activity including storms and substorms. Several more recent statistical studies have analyzed the association of nighttime GMDs with global inputs (IMF and solar wind) and geomagnetic indices (e.g., Engebretson et al., 2021a, 2021b), and case studies have focused on more local phenomena such as overhead ionospheric currents and auroras (Belakhovsky et al., 2019, Dimmock et al., 2019, Apatenkov et al., 2020; and Weygand et al., 2021). The M-I currents that drive nighttime GMDs appear to be linked to mesoscale disturbances in the magnetotail, and their association with substorms and/or intervals of negative IMF Bz suggest the influence of magnetotail reconnection. Up to now, however, there have been very few reports connecting nighttime GMD events to specific disturbances in the magnetotail.

In addition, direct geoelectric field measurements are very limited and GIC measurements are usually not publicly available, many studies rely on dB/dt or ∆B as a proxy. However, it is still not yet well understood whether dB/dt or ∆B is a good proxy of GICs or under what conditions GMDs will couple to extreme geoelectric fields and GICs. Therefore, an interdisciplinary community-wide effort involving the space science data analysis, space weather modelling, magnetotelluric (MT), and the power system engineering communities, is needed to advance our understanding of the causes of GMDs and hazardous GICs. We propose an FG to address the following questions:

''Q1: What are the drivers of the formation and evolution of space weather significant GMDs?''

''Q2: To what extent can different models predict GMDs and what are immediate missing components to improve GMD prediction?''

''Q3: What is the most important input the GEM community could provide to those who study geoelectric fields and GICs?''

== Focus Group Proposal ==
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rETPfVGg7BnoCzK5AoyqXeAfbkBQn54V/view?usp=share_link GMD-GIC (2022)]

== 2025 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2025 mini-GEM workshop will be held on December 14th in New Orleans, LA. Registration is open via the [https://gemworkshop.org/registration/ GEM website] and free for all. There will be
a joint GIC-GMAG session between 12.00-13.30 CT and a stand-alone GIC session between 13.45-15.15 CT in Room 389. The 2025 mini-GEM workshop meeting schedule including Zoom links is available [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQj_Sb4n4YBh-Vacsx5wRIYZ3uBHj_t4Inp-PvNtV1hHBk92rFtul10_v1NPnNF4qQ6DEEEmYqOw546/pubhtml?gid=0&single=true online].

Session schedule:

1. GIC-GMAG joint session at 12:00–13:30 Central Time: Ground magnetometer arrays (status, operations, upgrades)

* Josh Rigler: Updates on USGS (Variometer and others)

* Mark Moldwin: Updates on MACCS Array

* Shane Coyle: Updates on AALPIPN

* Hyunju Connor: Are Low-Cost Magnetometer Arrays Useful for Reconstructing Ionospheric Currents?

* Mark Engebretson: Superposed Epoch Analysis of Extreme Geomagnetic Disturbances at Auroral Zone Latitudes over a Solar Cycle

* Slava Merkin: Updates on the EZIE mission

2. GIC session at 13:45-15:15 Central Time: Updates on GIC-GMD studies and challenge event

* Sofia Burne Tobias: Filling in the global MHD model gap region: Enabling predictions of magnetic field perturbations at Low-Earth Orbit

* Hannah Parry: Advancing GIC Understanding in Alberta: Highlights from the GIC Alliance Project

* Jeffery Love: Mapping a Carrington Storm

* Shibaji Chakraborty: Validating SCUBAS forecasts of GIC in submarine cables using legacy superstorm observations

* James Weygand: Gannon Storm Sudden Impulse Geomagnetic Disturbances, Geoelectric Fields, and Geomagnetically Induced Currents

* Lutz Rastaetter: CCMC Ground Magnetic Perturbation Modeling Challenge Updates

* Dogacan Ozturk: Updates on GIC monitoring efforts at Alaska

* Open Discussion on modeling challenge

== 2025 GEM-CEDAR Joint Workshop ==

The 2025 GEM-CEDAR Joint Workshop will take place in Des Moines, Iowa, from June 22 to 27. The GIC Focus Group will host three stand-alone sessions, along with one joint session with the GMAG community. A hybrid Zoom option will be available for remote participants. The student moderator helping us in the sessions is Espen Fredrick from the University of Texas at Arlington.

Session schedule:

1. Tue 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 307): Discussion Session on Current FG Efforts and Future FG Ideas

* Xueling Shi: Summary of Focus Group Activities

* Zhonghua Xu: Review Ground Magnetometer Network

* Bhagyashree Waghule, Shane Coyle, Gabby Nowak, Shibaji Chakraborty: Open Discussion on Future Focus Group Ideas

2. Wed 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 307): Modeling Challenge Session

* Dogacan Ozturk: Opening Remarks

* Daniel Welling: Challenges, Considerations, and New Paradigms for Extreme Event Modeling

* Scott Thaller: Examining the Quantitative Connection Between Field-Aligned Current and Geomagnetic Field Variability Using Swarm Data

* Pauline M. Dredger: Solar Wind Input and Its Effect on SWMF Predictions of GMDs

* Michael Wiltberger: MAGE Simulation of GMDs during the Gannon Storm

* Michael Liemohn: GIC challenge input: Consider a “Prediction Efficiency” Skill Score for Event Detection

* Masha Kuznetsova: CCMC tool for ground magnetic field perturbations

* Panel Discussion on Modeling Challenges

3. Thu 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 309-310): GIC-GMAG Joint Session

* Zhonghua Xu: Opening Remarks

* Marc Lessard: Search Coil Updates

* Eframir Franco-Diaz: MagStar Updates

* Mike Hartinger: IPY update and campaigns

* Mark Engebretson: MACCS network update

* Delores Knipp: Causes of GICs and Penetrating Electric Fields during the 12 May 2021 G3 Storm

* Lucas Jia: Extreme Event SML Modeling - IRANNA

* Open Discussion on Future of Ground Magnetometers

4. Fri 13:30-15:30 (Rm. 307): Gannon Storm Session

* Dogacan Ozturk: Opening Remarks

* Masha Kuznetsova: Community Portal for Great Helio Storms

* Yu Hong: Impacts of Neutral Wind-induced Currents on Geomagnetic Disturbances and Magnetospheric Dynamics During the May 2024 Gannon Storm

* James Weygand: GMD and GICs during the Gannon storm

* Bhagyashree Waghule: NERC GIC

* Ying Zou: Extreme auroral electrojet during May Gannon Storm

* Lucy Wilkerson: GIC-Related Observations During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm in the United States

* Shibaji Chakraborty: Validating SCUBAS-forecasted electrical surges in submarine cables during superstorms using observations reported in historical studies

* Open Discussion

Please find detailed session description below and email one of our FG chairs (xueling7@vt.edu; dsozturk@alaska.edu; zxu77@vt.edu) by June 16 if you are interested in presenting.

1. Discussion Session on Current FG Efforts and Future FG Ideas

Session structure: Open discussion led by early career scientists

Session description: As we approach the conclusion of our FG, this session will focus on summarizing past FG activities, shaping future research directions, and finalizing any outstanding efforts. We aim to identify key areas of interest for future FG initiatives and address any unresolved discussions. Early career scientists interested in leading future FG efforts will play a central role in guiding the conversation. Participants are encouraged to contribute ideas and engage in discussions on the next steps for the community.

2. Ground Magnetic Field Perturbation Modeling Challenge Session

Session description: This session will focus on planning and implementing a community-wide modeling challenge centered on ground magnetic field perturbations and geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Modeling challenges have been a cornerstone of the GEM community, providing a quantitative, systematic, and transparent evaluation of models developed by members of our community. Since the initiation of the GEM Global Geospace Circulation Model (GGCM) modeling challenge in 2008, significant advancements have been made in numerical models' ability to characterize ground magnetic disturbances and their underlying drivers. These improvements stem from:
a) Enhanced physical process modeling leading to more accurate representations of geospace dynamics.
b) Increased computational performance enabling higher-resolution simulations.
c) Growing datasets allowing for more robust model validation and uncertainty quantification.
d) Advancements in the accessibility of machine learning algorithms, improving predictive capabilities.

In recent years, NASA has supported multiple Drive Centers and Centers of Excellence, fostering innovation in modeling and forecasting. Additionally, the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) has played a crucial role in hosting and evaluating previous modeling challenges, providing an established infrastructure to facilitate a new challenge event. Given these advancements, it is timely to launch a new modeling challenge aimed at:
a) Assessing the current state of ground magnetic field perturbations, geoelectric field variations, and GIC modeling.
b) Identifying strengths and areas for improvement in existing models.
c) Encouraging collaboration between model developers, data providers, and operational users.

By building on lessons learned from previous challenges, this initiative will not only quantitatively evaluate model performance but also assess their ability to characterize key drivers, spatial and temporal extents, and impacts of identified phenomena, while helping end users take mitigating actions ahead of predicted GMDs/GICs. Through broad collaboration across the GIC research community, this challenge will drive innovation, improve predictive capabilities, and strengthen our collective understanding of space weather effects.

3. GIC-GMAG Joint Session

Session description: This session will feature important updates from ground-based array PIs, along with a key discussion on developing a ground-based magnetometer facility as a "one-stop service center." We aim to keep this as an interactive, workshop-style session with short talks and group discussions.

4. Gannon Storm Session

Research Update and Group Discussion Session

Session description: The Gannon storm, which occurred between the 10th and 13th of May 2024, was one of the strongest geomagnetic storms in recent history. Due to the large-scale efforts of the scientific community, geomagnetic perturbations related to the Gannon storm were captured globally. This session, led by the Focus Group with community contribution, will review our current understanding of ground magnetic field variability, geoelectric field determination, and their relevance to GIC. We welcome 2-3 slide presentations on studies of Gannon Storm.

== 2024 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2024 mini-GEM workshop was held on December 8th in Washington D.C. (THE WESTIN WASHINGTON, DC DOWNTOWN, 999 9th St NW, Washington, DC 20001). Registration is open via the [https://gemworkshop.org/2024-mini-gem-registration-is-now-open/ GEM website] and free for all. The GIC sessions will include:

1. Community-wide Discussion Session (13:45-15:15 EST in Rock Creek Salon C): This session will focus on planning and implementing a community-wide modeling challenge on ground magnetic field perturbations. It will start with "scene-setting" talks that review previous efforts, available resources (such as funding opportunities), and the scientific motivations behind this challenge. Following these talks, we will hold an open discussion to gather community input on key topics, including leadership for the modeling effort, suitable locations for simulation and data hosting, optimal challenge design to track modeling progress, and feedback mechanisms for improving models related to ground magnetic field perturbations.

* 13:45–13:50: Xueling Shi: Introduction
* 13:50–14:05: Antti Pulkkinen: Opening Talk on Ground Magnetic Field Perturbation Modeling Challenge
* 14:05–14:15: Mangala Sharma: NSF Space Weather Program
* 14:15–14:25: James Favors: NASA Space Weather Program
* 14:25–15:15: Community Discussion

2. Community Contribution Session on the May 2024 Gannon Storm Challenge Event (15:30-17:00 EST in Rock Creek Salon C): This session, led by the Focus Group with community contribution, will review our current understanding of ground magnetic field variability, geoelectric field determination, and their relevance to GIC (geomagnetically induced currents). The group will also discuss the practical implications of this knowledge for infrastructure resilience. Please fill out the [https://tinyurl.com/gannon-gmd-gic survey] to participate in the study.

* 15:30-15:35 Doga Ozturk, Opening Remarks
* 15:35-15:42 James Weygand, Gannon Storm Spherical Elementary Ionospheric and Telluric Currents and the Implications
* 15:42-15:49 Denny Oliveira, Geoelectric field response to the shock preceding the super geomagnetic storm of May 2024
* 15:49-15:56 Mirko Piersanti, On the geoelectric field response to the SSC of the May 2024 super storm over Europe
* 15:56-16:03 Zhonghua Xu, Antarctic measurements from the AAL-PIP Stations
* 16:03-16:10 Hannah Parry, Space Weather Drivers of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the Alberta Electric Power Grid during the Intense May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm
* 16:10-16:17 Jason Derr, TEC/ROTI and 3D Ground magnetic field signatures during Gannon Storm
* 16:17-16:24 Shibaji Chakraborty, SCUBAS package and the underwater currents during Gannon Storm
* 16:24-16:31 Bhagyashree Waghule, GMD and GIC analysis of NERC Database for Gannon Storm
* 16:31-16:38 Jesper Gjerloev, Gannon Storm with EZIE Magnetometer
* 16:38-16:45 Antony Rasca, SWPC dB and Geoelectric Field Maps for Gannon Storm
* 16:45-16:52 Michael Wiltberger, MAGE GIC Simulations for Gannon Storm
* 16:52-17:00 Closing Remarks

== 2024 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2024 GEM workshop will be held from June 23th to June 28th, 2024 in Fort Collins, CO at the Hilton Fort Collins. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. The student moderators helping us in the sessions are Gabrielle Nowak and Samuel McKay from the University of Alaska Fairbanks. There are four GIC sessions:

1. GIC stand-alone session I: Monday, 24 June 2024,10:30-12:00 MDT

* Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

* Mark Engebretson: Large high latitude GMDs are associated with isolated DFBs and intervals of high-speed solar wind

* James Weygand: Southern Hemisphere Magnetometer Arrays and Conjugate Spherical Elementary Currents Update

* Ethan Hu: Global Magnetometer Coverage Efficacy During Geomagnetic Disturbances: A Case Study of the 2003 Halloween Storm

* Shin Ohtani: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike During 2023 April 24th Storm

* Xueling Shi: Global Geomagnetically Induced Currents Caused by an Extremely Intense Density Pulse During a Coronal Mass Ejection

* Bhagyashree Vijay Waghule: What drove the 17 March 2013 GIC spikes at Mäntsälä? A Novel approach to understanding magnetospheric drivers of significant GICs.

* Walk-in and poster summary talks

2. GIC stand-alone session II: Monday, 24 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

* Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kathryn Wilbanks: Multi-model Ensemble Forecasting of Ground Magnetic Perturbations

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: Sun to Mud Forecasting using SHEATH and DAGGER

* Darcy Cordell: Modelling geomagnetically induced currents in the Alberta power network with comparison to Hall probe measurements

* Michael Wiltberger: GIC Proxies for the Gannon Storm from the MAGE Model

* Chigomezyo Ngwira: Large Geomagnetic Variations during Severe geomagnetic Disturbances

* Walk-in and poster summary talks: Joseph Baker

3. MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session: Wednesday, 26 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

The MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session on “How can the upcoming GDC mission serve the GEM community?” will focus on learning about the GDC mission, and we welcome data and modeling presentations on MIT coupling that can contribute to this topic and can generate discussion. If you are interested in presenting, please contact Bea Gallardo-Lacourt (bea.gallardolacourt@nasa.gov), Katelynn Greer (katelynn.greer@lasp.colorado.edu), and Dogacan Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu) with the title of your presentation and any accommodations you might require.

4. MMV-GIC joint session: Thursday, 27 June 2024, 10:30-12:00 MDT

The MMV-GIC joint session will be co-hosted by GEM's GIC focus group and the modeling methods and validation (MMV) resource group. This session will focus on discussion to plan and execute a modern modeling challenge for ground magnetic disturbance (GMD) and geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). We will have 5 invited, very brief "scene-setting" talks to review past efforts, available resources, and science motivations. This will be followed by an open and lively discussion to determine the best challenge design to track the evolution of modeling capabilities and provide feedback for model improvements, with an emphasis on ground magnetic measurements. If you have a model that can produce ground magnetic perturbations (regional or globally), a specific dataset for model validation, a challenge event candidate, or any relevant ideas (e.g., validation metrics/methods), you are encouraged to attend the session (with 1 slide or none) for an open discussion.

* Daniel Welling: Recommendations for next-generation ground magnetic perturbation validation

* Lutz Rastaetter: GMD modeling challenge from CCMC

* Anthony Rasca: NOAA’s efforts and priorities on GIC forecasting

* James Weygand: Telluric currents derived from the Spherical Elementary Current System Method

* Delores Knipp: The 12 May 2021 GIC Event: Global and Local Aspects

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2023 mini-GEM workshop will be held on Dec 10 at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA. This will be an in-person meeting with a virtual component, ensuring accessibility for a broader audience. Please join the meeting via the [https://alaska.zoom.us/j/89989284257?pwd=SjJGSkdrRkdGelUxaTE1Y1NHVDBEUT09 Zoom link], Meeting ID: 899 8928 4257, Passcode: 095107. If you'd like to be added to the group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

Are you interested in contributing to future GIC FG activities and sharing your insights on GEM GMD-GIC modeling challenges? Your response will help us determine the level of community interest and plan accordingly. We appreciate your engagement and look forward to your feedback [https://forms.office.com/r/kinvATa4g8 here].

1. GIC stand-alone session, Sunday, 10 December, 13:45-15:15 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The stand-alone GIC session will focus on discussion of modeling efforts (numerical, MHD, and machine learning models) on ground magnetic field perturbations. Short talks (1-slide < 5 min) are encouraged, linked to potential datasets/events for future modeling challenges or techniques/methods to enhance modeling of geomagnetic/geoelectric field perturbations. We eagerly anticipate an open discussion to explore challenges and recent advancements in GMD-GIC modeling, building on the legacy of the GEM 2008-2009 Challenge on ground magnetic field perturbations.

* Xueling Shi/Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kareem Sorathia: Modeling GMDs with MAGE: Recent Work and Future Plans

* Erik Vandegriff: Predicting Localized GMDs in the SWMF: Performance Assessment and Suggested Improvements

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: OPEN-GGCM and FDL-X GMD modelling updates

* Adrian LaMoury: Operational space weather forecasting with the GorgonOps simulation suite

* Howard Singer: A regional predictive geoelectric field model prototype

* Andong Hu: 10-60 mins ahead geoelectric field prediction model

* Matthew Blandin: Gridded Matrix Solution of Solar Wind Driven and Magnetic Local Time Dependent Machine Learned Neural Networks for Global Geomagnetic Field Predictions

* Mark Engebretson: Observations of Nighttime Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMDs) Related to Dipolarizing Flux Bundles (DFBs)

* Denny Oliveira: First observations of shock impact angle effects on real GICs measured at the natural gas pipeline in Mäntsälä, southern Finland

* Jeffrey J Love: March 1940 superstorm

* Dogacan Ozturk: Using semi-/self-supervised classification of auroral images for GMD research

* Jesper Gjerloev/Ying Zou: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike during 2023 April 24th Storm

* Open Discussion

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Sunday, 10 December, 15:30-17:00 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 mini-GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups and a summary of recent activities, followed by updates from NSF and discussion of international collaborations involving ground magnetometers including International Polar Year. The rest of the session will be for SuperMAG updates, discussion of ground magnetometer campaigns with satellite missions (SMILE, GDC, EZE,…), and data sharing.

* 1530-1535 - Mike Hartinger and Xueling Shi, GMAG board overview / Planned GIC FG activities
* 1535-1545 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1545-1550 - Zhonghua Xu, Recap from GEOSCOPR workshop (Vladimir Papitashvili also available for Q+A)
* 1550-1555 - Zhonghua Xu and Mike Hartinger, Early plans for ground magnetometers in the International Polar Year: IASC feedback
* 1555-1600 - Lucilla Alfonsi (presented by Mike Hartinger), International Collaboration - SCAR AGATA
* 1600-1610 - Discussion
* 1610-1615 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG update
* 1615-1620 - Jesper Gjerloev, EZIE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1620-1625 - Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, GDC mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1625-1630 - Jennifer Carter, SMILE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1630-1635 - Jennifer Carter and Maria-Theresia Walach, SMILE mission winter campaign planning
* 1635-1640 - Alexander Drozdov, Accessing Magnetometers from Seismology Databases via SPEDAS software
* 1640-1700 - General Q+A and discussion

== 2023 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2023 GEM meeting will be held on June 11 – 16, 2023 in San Diego, CA at the Wyndham San Diego Bayside hotel. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. We will have three sessions in total this year. If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here]. The student moderators helping us in the sessions are Erik Vandegriff and Espen Fredrick from the University of Texas at Arlington.

1. GIC stand-alone session, Wednesday, 14 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific B

The stand-alone session will be focused on modeling of GMD, geoelectric fields, and GICs.

Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

Louis Lanzerotti (invited): GIC Studies on AT&T Cables Over 25 Years,1972-2001

Christopher Balch (invited): NOAA's geoelectric field model

Krishnat Patil (invited): Bulk Electric Power System GMD Analysis using PSS®E

Michael Hartinger: SCUBAS: A python based numerical model to estimate electrical surges in submarine cables during geomagnetic disturbances

Kareem Sorathia: Global Modeling of Multiscale Stormtime Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling

Yue Deng: Ground Magnetic Disturbances due to Neutral-wind-driven Ionospheric Currents

Banafsheh Ferdousi: Global Geomagnetic Perturbation Forecasting Using Deep Learning

James Weygand: GICs from the spherical elementary current systems method

Open discussion on modeling challenges.

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Wednesday, 14 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 GEM workshop.

* 1330-1335 - Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group and Recent Updates
* 1335-1345 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1345-1350 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG updates
* 1350-1355 - Peter Chi, ULTIMA updates
* 1355-1400 - Discussion
* 1400-1405 - Peter Chi, SMART network updates
* 1405-1410 - Doga Ozturk, UAF SWUG Data Center
* 1410-1415 - Zhonghua Xu, AALPIP network update
* 1415-1420 - Hyomin Kim, NJIT update Antarctic geospace measurements
* 1420-1425 - Mark Engebretson (virtual), MACCS network update and relevance to GDC/SMILE
* 1425-1430 - Josh Rigler (virtual), USGS updates (observatories and variometers)
* 1430-1500 - General Q+A and discussion

3. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A

This joint session consists of contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster or research summary.

Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences

Andrew Dimmock: Analysis of the geoelectric fields in Sweden and the link to GICs

Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC

Kosta Horaites: Magnetospheric Response to a Pressure Pulse in a Three-dimensional Hybrid-Vlasov Simulation

James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground

Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances

Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm

Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field

Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model

Walk-in talks: 1-slide research summary (can be poster advertisement), Kristina Collins

Open discussion on available resources and potential model challenge events.

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The 2022 mini-GEM meeting will be held hybrid via Zoom (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09, Meeting ID: 879 5608 7298, Passcode: 455961). If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

1. GIC-GMAG-IHMIC joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 12:00-13:30 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The first joint session will be focused on GIC-GMAG-IHMIC interactive discussion and updates from NSF/NASA agency and GMAG network.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MiThub-qdCy2E9diZi4JjTGHhBPNunnd/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Introduction]

Lisa Winter/Jesse Woodroffe: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1iDeLkYlmTTK4pry79SAuuIkj3I0qZP2_/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Agency updates]

Daniel Welling: GIC SSC

Michael Hartinger: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LAqaIgQ-gI4XzbwXK5DJXrWcyCYwGIAI/view?usp=share_link US GMAG board updates]

James Weygand: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1rHmZsg8IkdeHrgQnukL2R-OloRwVQb1f/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true HDRL/DOIs, data sharing]

Peter Chi: GMAG network challenges

US GMAG network updates ([https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1jkJjsSfbA-zFOmzM5bNNUUVs6TIFNz1N/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true David Miles])

2. GIC-GMAG joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 13:45-15:15 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The second joint session consists of contributed talks and follow-up discussions.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: Introduction

Mark Engebretson: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15y4EmT4-hU1LFxJk_DvGEIcFPjNyepIf/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Occurrence distributions and morphology of large geomagnetic disturbances observed in Arctic Canada]

Michael Madelaire: Transient high latitude geomagnetic response to rapid increases in solar wind dynamic pressure

Cheng Sheng: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1_CGKxWkKde9v9NJQdZMKFuTxxFRUsyjy/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Ground Magnetic Perturbations due to Neutral-wind Driven Ionospheric Currents]

Matthew Blandin: Constructing A Machine Learned Global Geomagnetic Field Prediction Model From Magnetic Local Time Dependent Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Networks

Hannah Parry: geoelectric field and GIC measurement comparisons

Shibaji Chakraborty: Modeling geomagnetic induction in submarine cables

== 2022 GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The student moderator helping us in the sessions are Emily McDougall from UNH and Sophie Graf The University of Texas at Arlington.

Monday, 20 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, GIC-GBMA Joint Session

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2022 GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups followed by an invited talk by Dr. Chigomezyo Ngwira on geomagnetically induced currents and geomagnetic disturbances. The remainder of the session will be for discussion of Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey white papers related to ground magnetometers and short magnetometer network updates.

* Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group
* Xueling Shi, [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12DADQJjwPeKwJyKYi45HlKd9q8qpz5Gc/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Overview of the new GEM GIC focus group]
* Chigomezyo Ngwira (invited), Review of Geomagnetic Disturbances and GIC
* Mike Hartinger, Decadal survey discussions overview, overarching white paper
* Jesper Gjerloev, Decadal survey white paper
* All, Discussion of Decadal survey white papers
* Magnetometer Network/SuperMAG Updates (1-slide each): Jesper Gjerloev (SuperMAG), Shane Coyle (AALPIP), Shane Coyle (GPS Rollover), Michelle Salzano (MICA-S), Hyomin Kim (HamSCI magnetometer), Hyomin Kim (Deep polar cap Antarctic network), Mark Engebretson (MACCS - presenting virtually)

Tuesday, 21 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session I

This session will begin with an introduction to the GIC focus group followed by two invited talks and a few contributed talks on observations of GMDs, their potential causes, and education outreach related to magnetometer arrays.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Jeffrey Love (invited), Mapping a magnetic superstorm
* Audrey Schillings (invited), dB/dt spikes during space weather events
* Mark Engebretson, Review of large amplitude geomagnetic disturbances in eastern Arctic Canada
* James Weygand, ASI and GOES observations of nighttime magnetic perturbation events observed in Arctic Canada
* Chigomezyo Ngwira, Analysis of Ground dB/dt Spatiotemporal Variations
* Austin Cohen, UAF Space Weather UnderGround: Space Weather Research and Education Through Student-built Magnetometer Arrays
* Jesper Gjerloev, The MagPi magnetometer: Letting everyone listen to the Earth-Space conversation

Tuesday, 21 June, 0330-0500 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session II

This session will focus on geomagnetic and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. It begins with an introduction to current activities of the GIC focus group followed by one invited talk and a few contributed talks on GMD and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. We will have interactive discussion in the end on modeling challenges and future activities of this FG.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Howard Singer (invited), Geospace to Geoelectric Field Modeling at SWPC: Development, Results, and Challenges
* Lisa Winter, Sponsored workshop by NSF-NASA-NOAA
* Shibaji Chakraborty, Modeling Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables
* Elizabeth Vandegriff, Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances: Exploring Modeling and Forecasting Capabilities in Global MHD
* Matthew Blandin, Coupled Model Applications for Geomagnetically Induced Currents across Alaska
* Interactive discussion on modeling challenges.

Friday, 24 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, IHMIC-GIC Joint Session

* Mark Engebretson, Observations of conjugate high latitude geomagnetic disturbances that can cause GICs
* Zhonghua Xu, Inter-hemispheric asymmetries in the ground magnetic ULF wave response to interplanetary shocks at high latitudes-Case Study
* Hyomin Kim, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Studies Using the PSWS Magnetometer Network
* Bob Lysak, Cavity Mode Structure of Pi2 Pulsations
* Martin Archer, [https://drive.google.com/file/d/10uwR_N7r0PhVa6JHayeOUyCdYbAEtx_d/view?usp=share_link What are the ionospheric and ground magnetic signatures of global magnetopause surface modes?]
* Simone Di Matteo, Global and local ULF waves in response to solar wind periodic density structures
* Gabby Nowak, Relationship Between Geomagnetic Field Variations and External Drivers Across Different Latitudes and Hemispheres

Friday, 24 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC-IEMIT Joint Session

* Jesper Gjerloev, The NASA EZIE mission: New insight into the Earth-Space electrical current circuit.
* Mike Hartinger, Undersampling of ULF wave fields that drive GIC
* Xueling Shi, Large geoelectric and geomagnetic perturbations observed after an IMF turning and solar wind dynamic pressure impulse
* Thomas Elsden, Modelling the Varying Location of Field Line Resonances During Geomagnetic Storms
* Hannah Parry, Validation of Differential Magnetometer Measurements of GICs on Alberta's High Voltage Network
* Denny Oliveira, Impact Angle Control of Local Intense dB /dt Variations During Shock-Induced Substorms

Friday, 24 June, 0500 pm US Hawaii Time, Honolulu Magnetic observatory field trip (contact Josh: erigler@usgs.gov and Xueling: xueling7@vt.edu to sign up)

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-12-12T02:38:59Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==

=== Stand-alone MPEC Session: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Sunday, December 14 at 15.30-17.00 CST 
Location: Room 389 at New Orleans Ernest N. Morial Convention Center (MCCNO) 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Low Latitude Electron Precipitation Driven by Large Scale Electric Fields 
2. Evgeny Romashets, Earth’s Magnetosheath: A Comparison of Plasma Flow Direction Between Models and Observations 
3. Christine Gabrielse, Data-Informed Conductivity Profiles: Their Evolution in Three Dimensions Over Time During a CME Main Phase 
4. Dogacan Ozturk, Insights from Human and Machine Labelling of Meso-scale Auroral Forms 
5. Qingyu Zhu and Yunbo Liu, Impact of the extreme auroral electrojet spike during 2023 April 24th storm on the I-T system 
6. Yi-Hsin Liu, Information on AGU Townhall 

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, Modeling Energetic Electron Precipitation and Its Atmospheric Effects 
3. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity 
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00 
Location: Rooms 309-310 
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-12-12T02:34:06Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==

=== Stand-alone MPEC Session: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Sunday, December 14 at 15.30-17.00 CST 
Location: Room 389 at New Orleans Ernest N. Morial Convention Center (MCCNO) 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Low Latitude Electron Precipitation Driven by Large Scale Electric Fields 
2. Evgeny Romashets, Earth’s Magnetosheath: A Comparison of Plasma Flow Direction Between Models and Observations 
3. Christine Gabrielse, Data-Informed Conductivity Profiles: Their Evolution in Three Dimensions Over Time During a CME Main Phase 
4. Yi-Hsin Liu, Information on AGU Townhall 
5. Qingyu Zhu and Yunbo Liu, Impact of the extreme auroral electrojet spike during 2023 April 24th storm on the I-T system 

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, Modeling Energetic Electron Precipitation and Its Atmospheric Effects 
3. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity 
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00 
Location: Rooms 309-310 
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Understanding the causes of geomagnetic disturbances in geospace for hazard analysis on geomagnetically induced currents

2025-12-12T01:09:43Z

Dsozturk: /* 2025 mini-GEM Workshop */

== Focus Group Chairs ==
Xueling Shi, Clemson University (xuelins@clemson.edu)

Dogacan Su Ozturk, University of Alaska Fairbanks (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

Mark Engebretson, Augsburg University (engebret@augsburg.edu)

Zhonghua Xu, The University of Texas at Arlington (zhonghua.xu@uta.edu)

Erin Joshua Rigler, USGS (erigler@usgs.gov)

== Overview ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) related to various phenomena in the near-Earth space environment can induce geoelectric fields within the electrically conducting Earth. In turn these geoelectric fields drive electric currents that can flow through technological infrastructure in the form of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) and cause potential damage to power grid, pipelines, and submarine cables. Our focus group (FG) aims to improve the physical understanding of the causes of GMDs through observations, numerical simulations, and machine learning techniques in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system for hazard analysis on GICs. Understanding the causes of GMDs is crucial in the development and validation of models which aim to accurately and reliably predict the variations of geoelectric fields and GICs and are objectives of the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (NSWSAP, 2019).

== Topic Description ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) have long been used to derive global geomagnetic activity indices (e.g., Kp, AE, and Dst), remote sense the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) currents and plasma waves, and as inputs to geoelectric field/GIC models. The sources of GMDs are directly related to various M-I currents and plasma waves which can be attributed to various drivers in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system. Despite extensive research, questions still remain regarding the common sources and driving mechanisms of GMDs. Many studies have focused on the association of GMDs with large-scale geomagnetic activity including storms and substorms. Several more recent statistical studies have analyzed the association of nighttime GMDs with global inputs (IMF and solar wind) and geomagnetic indices (e.g., Engebretson et al., 2021a, 2021b), and case studies have focused on more local phenomena such as overhead ionospheric currents and auroras (Belakhovsky et al., 2019, Dimmock et al., 2019, Apatenkov et al., 2020; and Weygand et al., 2021). The M-I currents that drive nighttime GMDs appear to be linked to mesoscale disturbances in the magnetotail, and their association with substorms and/or intervals of negative IMF Bz suggest the influence of magnetotail reconnection. Up to now, however, there have been very few reports connecting nighttime GMD events to specific disturbances in the magnetotail.

In addition, direct geoelectric field measurements are very limited and GIC measurements are usually not publicly available, many studies rely on dB/dt or ∆B as a proxy. However, it is still not yet well understood whether dB/dt or ∆B is a good proxy of GICs or under what conditions GMDs will couple to extreme geoelectric fields and GICs. Therefore, an interdisciplinary community-wide effort involving the space science data analysis, space weather modelling, magnetotelluric (MT), and the power system engineering communities, is needed to advance our understanding of the causes of GMDs and hazardous GICs. We propose an FG to address the following questions:

''Q1: What are the drivers of the formation and evolution of space weather significant GMDs?''

''Q2: To what extent can different models predict GMDs and what are immediate missing components to improve GMD prediction?''

''Q3: What is the most important input the GEM community could provide to those who study geoelectric fields and GICs?''

== Focus Group Proposal ==
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rETPfVGg7BnoCzK5AoyqXeAfbkBQn54V/view?usp=share_link GMD-GIC (2022)]

== 2025 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2025 mini-GEM workshop will be held on December 14th in New Orleans, LA. Registration is open via the [https://gemworkshop.org/registration/ GEM website] and free for all. There will be
a joint GIC-GMAG session between 12.00-13.30 CT and a stand-alone GIC session between 13.45-15.15 CT in Room 389. The 2025 mini-GEM workshop meeting schedule including Zoom links is available [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQj_Sb4n4YBh-Vacsx5wRIYZ3uBHj_t4Inp-PvNtV1hHBk92rFtul10_v1NPnNF4qQ6DEEEmYqOw546/pubhtml?gid=0&single=true online].

Session schedule for the stand-alone session:

1. GIC-GMAG joint session at 12:00–13:30 Central Time: Ground magnetometer arrays (status, operations, upgrades)

* Josh Rigler: Updates on USGS (Variometer and others)

* Mark Moldwin: Updates on MACCS Array

* Slava Merkin: Updates on the EZIE mission

* Shane Coyle: Updates on AALPIPN

* Hyunju Connor: Are Low-Cost Magnetometer Arrays Useful for Reconstructing Ionospheric Currents?

* Mark Engebretson: Superposed Epoch Analysis of Extreme Geomagnetic Disturbances at Auroral Zone Latitudes over a Solar Cycle

2. GIC session at 13:45-15:15 Central Time: Updates on GIC-GMD studies and challenge event

* Sofia Burne Tobias: Filling in the global MHD model gap region: Enabling predictions of magnetic field perturbations at Low-Earth Orbit

* Hannah Parry: Advancing GIC Understanding in Alberta: Highlights from the GIC Alliance Project

* Jeffery Love: Mapping a Carrington Storm

* Shibaji Chakraborty: Validating SCUBAS forecasts of GIC in submarine cables using legacy superstorm observations

* James Weygand: Gannon Storm Sudden Impulse Geomagnetic Disturbances, Geoelectric Fields, and Geomagnetically Induced Currents

* Lutz Rastaetter: CCMC Ground Magnetic Perturbation Modeling Challenge Updates

* Open Discussion on modeling challenge

== 2025 GEM-CEDAR Joint Workshop ==

The 2025 GEM-CEDAR Joint Workshop will take place in Des Moines, Iowa, from June 22 to 27. The GIC Focus Group will host three stand-alone sessions, along with one joint session with the GMAG community. A hybrid Zoom option will be available for remote participants. The student moderator helping us in the sessions is Espen Fredrick from the University of Texas at Arlington.

Session schedule:

1. Tue 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 307): Discussion Session on Current FG Efforts and Future FG Ideas

* Xueling Shi: Summary of Focus Group Activities

* Zhonghua Xu: Review Ground Magnetometer Network

* Bhagyashree Waghule, Shane Coyle, Gabby Nowak, Shibaji Chakraborty: Open Discussion on Future Focus Group Ideas

2. Wed 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 307): Modeling Challenge Session

* Dogacan Ozturk: Opening Remarks

* Daniel Welling: Challenges, Considerations, and New Paradigms for Extreme Event Modeling

* Scott Thaller: Examining the Quantitative Connection Between Field-Aligned Current and Geomagnetic Field Variability Using Swarm Data

* Pauline M. Dredger: Solar Wind Input and Its Effect on SWMF Predictions of GMDs

* Michael Wiltberger: MAGE Simulation of GMDs during the Gannon Storm

* Michael Liemohn: GIC challenge input: Consider a “Prediction Efficiency” Skill Score for Event Detection

* Masha Kuznetsova: CCMC tool for ground magnetic field perturbations

* Panel Discussion on Modeling Challenges

3. Thu 10:00-12:00 (Rm. 309-310): GIC-GMAG Joint Session

* Zhonghua Xu: Opening Remarks

* Marc Lessard: Search Coil Updates

* Eframir Franco-Diaz: MagStar Updates

* Mike Hartinger: IPY update and campaigns

* Mark Engebretson: MACCS network update

* Delores Knipp: Causes of GICs and Penetrating Electric Fields during the 12 May 2021 G3 Storm

* Lucas Jia: Extreme Event SML Modeling - IRANNA

* Open Discussion on Future of Ground Magnetometers

4. Fri 13:30-15:30 (Rm. 307): Gannon Storm Session

* Dogacan Ozturk: Opening Remarks

* Masha Kuznetsova: Community Portal for Great Helio Storms

* Yu Hong: Impacts of Neutral Wind-induced Currents on Geomagnetic Disturbances and Magnetospheric Dynamics During the May 2024 Gannon Storm

* James Weygand: GMD and GICs during the Gannon storm

* Bhagyashree Waghule: NERC GIC

* Ying Zou: Extreme auroral electrojet during May Gannon Storm

* Lucy Wilkerson: GIC-Related Observations During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm in the United States

* Shibaji Chakraborty: Validating SCUBAS-forecasted electrical surges in submarine cables during superstorms using observations reported in historical studies

* Open Discussion

Please find detailed session description below and email one of our FG chairs (xueling7@vt.edu; dsozturk@alaska.edu; zxu77@vt.edu) by June 16 if you are interested in presenting.

1. Discussion Session on Current FG Efforts and Future FG Ideas

Session structure: Open discussion led by early career scientists

Session description: As we approach the conclusion of our FG, this session will focus on summarizing past FG activities, shaping future research directions, and finalizing any outstanding efforts. We aim to identify key areas of interest for future FG initiatives and address any unresolved discussions. Early career scientists interested in leading future FG efforts will play a central role in guiding the conversation. Participants are encouraged to contribute ideas and engage in discussions on the next steps for the community.

2. Ground Magnetic Field Perturbation Modeling Challenge Session

Session description: This session will focus on planning and implementing a community-wide modeling challenge centered on ground magnetic field perturbations and geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Modeling challenges have been a cornerstone of the GEM community, providing a quantitative, systematic, and transparent evaluation of models developed by members of our community. Since the initiation of the GEM Global Geospace Circulation Model (GGCM) modeling challenge in 2008, significant advancements have been made in numerical models' ability to characterize ground magnetic disturbances and their underlying drivers. These improvements stem from:
a) Enhanced physical process modeling leading to more accurate representations of geospace dynamics.
b) Increased computational performance enabling higher-resolution simulations.
c) Growing datasets allowing for more robust model validation and uncertainty quantification.
d) Advancements in the accessibility of machine learning algorithms, improving predictive capabilities.

In recent years, NASA has supported multiple Drive Centers and Centers of Excellence, fostering innovation in modeling and forecasting. Additionally, the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) has played a crucial role in hosting and evaluating previous modeling challenges, providing an established infrastructure to facilitate a new challenge event. Given these advancements, it is timely to launch a new modeling challenge aimed at:
a) Assessing the current state of ground magnetic field perturbations, geoelectric field variations, and GIC modeling.
b) Identifying strengths and areas for improvement in existing models.
c) Encouraging collaboration between model developers, data providers, and operational users.

By building on lessons learned from previous challenges, this initiative will not only quantitatively evaluate model performance but also assess their ability to characterize key drivers, spatial and temporal extents, and impacts of identified phenomena, while helping end users take mitigating actions ahead of predicted GMDs/GICs. Through broad collaboration across the GIC research community, this challenge will drive innovation, improve predictive capabilities, and strengthen our collective understanding of space weather effects.

3. GIC-GMAG Joint Session

Session description: This session will feature important updates from ground-based array PIs, along with a key discussion on developing a ground-based magnetometer facility as a "one-stop service center." We aim to keep this as an interactive, workshop-style session with short talks and group discussions.

4. Gannon Storm Session

Research Update and Group Discussion Session

Session description: The Gannon storm, which occurred between the 10th and 13th of May 2024, was one of the strongest geomagnetic storms in recent history. Due to the large-scale efforts of the scientific community, geomagnetic perturbations related to the Gannon storm were captured globally. This session, led by the Focus Group with community contribution, will review our current understanding of ground magnetic field variability, geoelectric field determination, and their relevance to GIC. We welcome 2-3 slide presentations on studies of Gannon Storm.

== 2024 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2024 mini-GEM workshop was held on December 8th in Washington D.C. (THE WESTIN WASHINGTON, DC DOWNTOWN, 999 9th St NW, Washington, DC 20001). Registration is open via the [https://gemworkshop.org/2024-mini-gem-registration-is-now-open/ GEM website] and free for all. The GIC sessions will include:

1. Community-wide Discussion Session (13:45-15:15 EST in Rock Creek Salon C): This session will focus on planning and implementing a community-wide modeling challenge on ground magnetic field perturbations. It will start with "scene-setting" talks that review previous efforts, available resources (such as funding opportunities), and the scientific motivations behind this challenge. Following these talks, we will hold an open discussion to gather community input on key topics, including leadership for the modeling effort, suitable locations for simulation and data hosting, optimal challenge design to track modeling progress, and feedback mechanisms for improving models related to ground magnetic field perturbations.

* 13:45–13:50: Xueling Shi: Introduction
* 13:50–14:05: Antti Pulkkinen: Opening Talk on Ground Magnetic Field Perturbation Modeling Challenge
* 14:05–14:15: Mangala Sharma: NSF Space Weather Program
* 14:15–14:25: James Favors: NASA Space Weather Program
* 14:25–15:15: Community Discussion

2. Community Contribution Session on the May 2024 Gannon Storm Challenge Event (15:30-17:00 EST in Rock Creek Salon C): This session, led by the Focus Group with community contribution, will review our current understanding of ground magnetic field variability, geoelectric field determination, and their relevance to GIC (geomagnetically induced currents). The group will also discuss the practical implications of this knowledge for infrastructure resilience. Please fill out the [https://tinyurl.com/gannon-gmd-gic survey] to participate in the study.

* 15:30-15:35 Doga Ozturk, Opening Remarks
* 15:35-15:42 James Weygand, Gannon Storm Spherical Elementary Ionospheric and Telluric Currents and the Implications
* 15:42-15:49 Denny Oliveira, Geoelectric field response to the shock preceding the super geomagnetic storm of May 2024
* 15:49-15:56 Mirko Piersanti, On the geoelectric field response to the SSC of the May 2024 super storm over Europe
* 15:56-16:03 Zhonghua Xu, Antarctic measurements from the AAL-PIP Stations
* 16:03-16:10 Hannah Parry, Space Weather Drivers of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the Alberta Electric Power Grid during the Intense May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm
* 16:10-16:17 Jason Derr, TEC/ROTI and 3D Ground magnetic field signatures during Gannon Storm
* 16:17-16:24 Shibaji Chakraborty, SCUBAS package and the underwater currents during Gannon Storm
* 16:24-16:31 Bhagyashree Waghule, GMD and GIC analysis of NERC Database for Gannon Storm
* 16:31-16:38 Jesper Gjerloev, Gannon Storm with EZIE Magnetometer
* 16:38-16:45 Antony Rasca, SWPC dB and Geoelectric Field Maps for Gannon Storm
* 16:45-16:52 Michael Wiltberger, MAGE GIC Simulations for Gannon Storm
* 16:52-17:00 Closing Remarks

== 2024 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2024 GEM workshop will be held from June 23th to June 28th, 2024 in Fort Collins, CO at the Hilton Fort Collins. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. The student moderators helping us in the sessions are Gabrielle Nowak and Samuel McKay from the University of Alaska Fairbanks. There are four GIC sessions:

1. GIC stand-alone session I: Monday, 24 June 2024,10:30-12:00 MDT

* Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

* Mark Engebretson: Large high latitude GMDs are associated with isolated DFBs and intervals of high-speed solar wind

* James Weygand: Southern Hemisphere Magnetometer Arrays and Conjugate Spherical Elementary Currents Update

* Ethan Hu: Global Magnetometer Coverage Efficacy During Geomagnetic Disturbances: A Case Study of the 2003 Halloween Storm

* Shin Ohtani: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike During 2023 April 24th Storm

* Xueling Shi: Global Geomagnetically Induced Currents Caused by an Extremely Intense Density Pulse During a Coronal Mass Ejection

* Bhagyashree Vijay Waghule: What drove the 17 March 2013 GIC spikes at Mäntsälä? A Novel approach to understanding magnetospheric drivers of significant GICs.

* Walk-in and poster summary talks

2. GIC stand-alone session II: Monday, 24 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

* Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kathryn Wilbanks: Multi-model Ensemble Forecasting of Ground Magnetic Perturbations

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: Sun to Mud Forecasting using SHEATH and DAGGER

* Darcy Cordell: Modelling geomagnetically induced currents in the Alberta power network with comparison to Hall probe measurements

* Michael Wiltberger: GIC Proxies for the Gannon Storm from the MAGE Model

* Chigomezyo Ngwira: Large Geomagnetic Variations during Severe geomagnetic Disturbances

* Walk-in and poster summary talks: Joseph Baker

3. MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session: Wednesday, 26 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

The MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session on “How can the upcoming GDC mission serve the GEM community?” will focus on learning about the GDC mission, and we welcome data and modeling presentations on MIT coupling that can contribute to this topic and can generate discussion. If you are interested in presenting, please contact Bea Gallardo-Lacourt (bea.gallardolacourt@nasa.gov), Katelynn Greer (katelynn.greer@lasp.colorado.edu), and Dogacan Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu) with the title of your presentation and any accommodations you might require.

4. MMV-GIC joint session: Thursday, 27 June 2024, 10:30-12:00 MDT

The MMV-GIC joint session will be co-hosted by GEM's GIC focus group and the modeling methods and validation (MMV) resource group. This session will focus on discussion to plan and execute a modern modeling challenge for ground magnetic disturbance (GMD) and geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). We will have 5 invited, very brief "scene-setting" talks to review past efforts, available resources, and science motivations. This will be followed by an open and lively discussion to determine the best challenge design to track the evolution of modeling capabilities and provide feedback for model improvements, with an emphasis on ground magnetic measurements. If you have a model that can produce ground magnetic perturbations (regional or globally), a specific dataset for model validation, a challenge event candidate, or any relevant ideas (e.g., validation metrics/methods), you are encouraged to attend the session (with 1 slide or none) for an open discussion.

* Daniel Welling: Recommendations for next-generation ground magnetic perturbation validation

* Lutz Rastaetter: GMD modeling challenge from CCMC

* Anthony Rasca: NOAA’s efforts and priorities on GIC forecasting

* James Weygand: Telluric currents derived from the Spherical Elementary Current System Method

* Delores Knipp: The 12 May 2021 GIC Event: Global and Local Aspects

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2023 mini-GEM workshop will be held on Dec 10 at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA. This will be an in-person meeting with a virtual component, ensuring accessibility for a broader audience. Please join the meeting via the [https://alaska.zoom.us/j/89989284257?pwd=SjJGSkdrRkdGelUxaTE1Y1NHVDBEUT09 Zoom link], Meeting ID: 899 8928 4257, Passcode: 095107. If you'd like to be added to the group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

Are you interested in contributing to future GIC FG activities and sharing your insights on GEM GMD-GIC modeling challenges? Your response will help us determine the level of community interest and plan accordingly. We appreciate your engagement and look forward to your feedback [https://forms.office.com/r/kinvATa4g8 here].

1. GIC stand-alone session, Sunday, 10 December, 13:45-15:15 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The stand-alone GIC session will focus on discussion of modeling efforts (numerical, MHD, and machine learning models) on ground magnetic field perturbations. Short talks (1-slide < 5 min) are encouraged, linked to potential datasets/events for future modeling challenges or techniques/methods to enhance modeling of geomagnetic/geoelectric field perturbations. We eagerly anticipate an open discussion to explore challenges and recent advancements in GMD-GIC modeling, building on the legacy of the GEM 2008-2009 Challenge on ground magnetic field perturbations.

* Xueling Shi/Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kareem Sorathia: Modeling GMDs with MAGE: Recent Work and Future Plans

* Erik Vandegriff: Predicting Localized GMDs in the SWMF: Performance Assessment and Suggested Improvements

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: OPEN-GGCM and FDL-X GMD modelling updates

* Adrian LaMoury: Operational space weather forecasting with the GorgonOps simulation suite

* Howard Singer: A regional predictive geoelectric field model prototype

* Andong Hu: 10-60 mins ahead geoelectric field prediction model

* Matthew Blandin: Gridded Matrix Solution of Solar Wind Driven and Magnetic Local Time Dependent Machine Learned Neural Networks for Global Geomagnetic Field Predictions

* Mark Engebretson: Observations of Nighttime Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMDs) Related to Dipolarizing Flux Bundles (DFBs)

* Denny Oliveira: First observations of shock impact angle effects on real GICs measured at the natural gas pipeline in Mäntsälä, southern Finland

* Jeffrey J Love: March 1940 superstorm

* Dogacan Ozturk: Using semi-/self-supervised classification of auroral images for GMD research

* Jesper Gjerloev/Ying Zou: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike during 2023 April 24th Storm

* Open Discussion

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Sunday, 10 December, 15:30-17:00 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 mini-GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups and a summary of recent activities, followed by updates from NSF and discussion of international collaborations involving ground magnetometers including International Polar Year. The rest of the session will be for SuperMAG updates, discussion of ground magnetometer campaigns with satellite missions (SMILE, GDC, EZE,…), and data sharing.

* 1530-1535 - Mike Hartinger and Xueling Shi, GMAG board overview / Planned GIC FG activities
* 1535-1545 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1545-1550 - Zhonghua Xu, Recap from GEOSCOPR workshop (Vladimir Papitashvili also available for Q+A)
* 1550-1555 - Zhonghua Xu and Mike Hartinger, Early plans for ground magnetometers in the International Polar Year: IASC feedback
* 1555-1600 - Lucilla Alfonsi (presented by Mike Hartinger), International Collaboration - SCAR AGATA
* 1600-1610 - Discussion
* 1610-1615 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG update
* 1615-1620 - Jesper Gjerloev, EZIE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1620-1625 - Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, GDC mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1625-1630 - Jennifer Carter, SMILE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1630-1635 - Jennifer Carter and Maria-Theresia Walach, SMILE mission winter campaign planning
* 1635-1640 - Alexander Drozdov, Accessing Magnetometers from Seismology Databases via SPEDAS software
* 1640-1700 - General Q+A and discussion

== 2023 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2023 GEM meeting will be held on June 11 – 16, 2023 in San Diego, CA at the Wyndham San Diego Bayside hotel. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. We will have three sessions in total this year. If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here]. The student moderators helping us in the sessions are Erik Vandegriff and Espen Fredrick from the University of Texas at Arlington.

1. GIC stand-alone session, Wednesday, 14 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific B

The stand-alone session will be focused on modeling of GMD, geoelectric fields, and GICs.

Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

Louis Lanzerotti (invited): GIC Studies on AT&T Cables Over 25 Years,1972-2001

Christopher Balch (invited): NOAA's geoelectric field model

Krishnat Patil (invited): Bulk Electric Power System GMD Analysis using PSS®E

Michael Hartinger: SCUBAS: A python based numerical model to estimate electrical surges in submarine cables during geomagnetic disturbances

Kareem Sorathia: Global Modeling of Multiscale Stormtime Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling

Yue Deng: Ground Magnetic Disturbances due to Neutral-wind-driven Ionospheric Currents

Banafsheh Ferdousi: Global Geomagnetic Perturbation Forecasting Using Deep Learning

James Weygand: GICs from the spherical elementary current systems method

Open discussion on modeling challenges.

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Wednesday, 14 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 GEM workshop.

* 1330-1335 - Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group and Recent Updates
* 1335-1345 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1345-1350 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG updates
* 1350-1355 - Peter Chi, ULTIMA updates
* 1355-1400 - Discussion
* 1400-1405 - Peter Chi, SMART network updates
* 1405-1410 - Doga Ozturk, UAF SWUG Data Center
* 1410-1415 - Zhonghua Xu, AALPIP network update
* 1415-1420 - Hyomin Kim, NJIT update Antarctic geospace measurements
* 1420-1425 - Mark Engebretson (virtual), MACCS network update and relevance to GDC/SMILE
* 1425-1430 - Josh Rigler (virtual), USGS updates (observatories and variometers)
* 1430-1500 - General Q+A and discussion

3. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A

This joint session consists of contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster or research summary.

Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences

Andrew Dimmock: Analysis of the geoelectric fields in Sweden and the link to GICs

Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC

Kosta Horaites: Magnetospheric Response to a Pressure Pulse in a Three-dimensional Hybrid-Vlasov Simulation

James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground

Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances

Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm

Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field

Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model

Walk-in talks: 1-slide research summary (can be poster advertisement), Kristina Collins

Open discussion on available resources and potential model challenge events.

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The 2022 mini-GEM meeting will be held hybrid via Zoom (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09, Meeting ID: 879 5608 7298, Passcode: 455961). If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

1. GIC-GMAG-IHMIC joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 12:00-13:30 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The first joint session will be focused on GIC-GMAG-IHMIC interactive discussion and updates from NSF/NASA agency and GMAG network.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MiThub-qdCy2E9diZi4JjTGHhBPNunnd/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Introduction]

Lisa Winter/Jesse Woodroffe: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1iDeLkYlmTTK4pry79SAuuIkj3I0qZP2_/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Agency updates]

Daniel Welling: GIC SSC

Michael Hartinger: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LAqaIgQ-gI4XzbwXK5DJXrWcyCYwGIAI/view?usp=share_link US GMAG board updates]

James Weygand: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1rHmZsg8IkdeHrgQnukL2R-OloRwVQb1f/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true HDRL/DOIs, data sharing]

Peter Chi: GMAG network challenges

US GMAG network updates ([https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1jkJjsSfbA-zFOmzM5bNNUUVs6TIFNz1N/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true David Miles])

2. GIC-GMAG joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 13:45-15:15 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The second joint session consists of contributed talks and follow-up discussions.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: Introduction

Mark Engebretson: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15y4EmT4-hU1LFxJk_DvGEIcFPjNyepIf/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Occurrence distributions and morphology of large geomagnetic disturbances observed in Arctic Canada]

Michael Madelaire: Transient high latitude geomagnetic response to rapid increases in solar wind dynamic pressure

Cheng Sheng: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1_CGKxWkKde9v9NJQdZMKFuTxxFRUsyjy/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Ground Magnetic Perturbations due to Neutral-wind Driven Ionospheric Currents]

Matthew Blandin: Constructing A Machine Learned Global Geomagnetic Field Prediction Model From Magnetic Local Time Dependent Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Networks

Hannah Parry: geoelectric field and GIC measurement comparisons

Shibaji Chakraborty: Modeling geomagnetic induction in submarine cables

== 2022 GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The student moderator helping us in the sessions are Emily McDougall from UNH and Sophie Graf The University of Texas at Arlington.

Monday, 20 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, GIC-GBMA Joint Session

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2022 GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups followed by an invited talk by Dr. Chigomezyo Ngwira on geomagnetically induced currents and geomagnetic disturbances. The remainder of the session will be for discussion of Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey white papers related to ground magnetometers and short magnetometer network updates.

* Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group
* Xueling Shi, [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12DADQJjwPeKwJyKYi45HlKd9q8qpz5Gc/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Overview of the new GEM GIC focus group]
* Chigomezyo Ngwira (invited), Review of Geomagnetic Disturbances and GIC
* Mike Hartinger, Decadal survey discussions overview, overarching white paper
* Jesper Gjerloev, Decadal survey white paper
* All, Discussion of Decadal survey white papers
* Magnetometer Network/SuperMAG Updates (1-slide each): Jesper Gjerloev (SuperMAG), Shane Coyle (AALPIP), Shane Coyle (GPS Rollover), Michelle Salzano (MICA-S), Hyomin Kim (HamSCI magnetometer), Hyomin Kim (Deep polar cap Antarctic network), Mark Engebretson (MACCS - presenting virtually)

Tuesday, 21 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session I

This session will begin with an introduction to the GIC focus group followed by two invited talks and a few contributed talks on observations of GMDs, their potential causes, and education outreach related to magnetometer arrays.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Jeffrey Love (invited), Mapping a magnetic superstorm
* Audrey Schillings (invited), dB/dt spikes during space weather events
* Mark Engebretson, Review of large amplitude geomagnetic disturbances in eastern Arctic Canada
* James Weygand, ASI and GOES observations of nighttime magnetic perturbation events observed in Arctic Canada
* Chigomezyo Ngwira, Analysis of Ground dB/dt Spatiotemporal Variations
* Austin Cohen, UAF Space Weather UnderGround: Space Weather Research and Education Through Student-built Magnetometer Arrays
* Jesper Gjerloev, The MagPi magnetometer: Letting everyone listen to the Earth-Space conversation

Tuesday, 21 June, 0330-0500 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session II

This session will focus on geomagnetic and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. It begins with an introduction to current activities of the GIC focus group followed by one invited talk and a few contributed talks on GMD and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. We will have interactive discussion in the end on modeling challenges and future activities of this FG.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Howard Singer (invited), Geospace to Geoelectric Field Modeling at SWPC: Development, Results, and Challenges
* Lisa Winter, Sponsored workshop by NSF-NASA-NOAA
* Shibaji Chakraborty, Modeling Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables
* Elizabeth Vandegriff, Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances: Exploring Modeling and Forecasting Capabilities in Global MHD
* Matthew Blandin, Coupled Model Applications for Geomagnetically Induced Currents across Alaska
* Interactive discussion on modeling challenges.

Friday, 24 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, IHMIC-GIC Joint Session

* Mark Engebretson, Observations of conjugate high latitude geomagnetic disturbances that can cause GICs
* Zhonghua Xu, Inter-hemispheric asymmetries in the ground magnetic ULF wave response to interplanetary shocks at high latitudes-Case Study
* Hyomin Kim, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Studies Using the PSWS Magnetometer Network
* Bob Lysak, Cavity Mode Structure of Pi2 Pulsations
* Martin Archer, [https://drive.google.com/file/d/10uwR_N7r0PhVa6JHayeOUyCdYbAEtx_d/view?usp=share_link What are the ionospheric and ground magnetic signatures of global magnetopause surface modes?]
* Simone Di Matteo, Global and local ULF waves in response to solar wind periodic density structures
* Gabby Nowak, Relationship Between Geomagnetic Field Variations and External Drivers Across Different Latitudes and Hemispheres

Friday, 24 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC-IEMIT Joint Session

* Jesper Gjerloev, The NASA EZIE mission: New insight into the Earth-Space electrical current circuit.
* Mike Hartinger, Undersampling of ULF wave fields that drive GIC
* Xueling Shi, Large geoelectric and geomagnetic perturbations observed after an IMF turning and solar wind dynamic pressure impulse
* Thomas Elsden, Modelling the Varying Location of Field Line Resonances During Geomagnetic Storms
* Hannah Parry, Validation of Differential Magnetometer Measurements of GICs on Alberta's High Voltage Network
* Denny Oliveira, Impact Angle Control of Local Intense dB /dt Variations During Shock-Induced Substorms

Friday, 24 June, 0500 pm US Hawaii Time, Honolulu Magnetic observatory field trip (contact Josh: erigler@usgs.gov and Xueling: xueling7@vt.edu to sign up)

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-23T18:59:13Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, Modeling Energetic Electron Precipitation and Its Atmospheric Effects 
3. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity 
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00 
Location: Rooms 309-310 
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-23T00:42:17Z

Dsozturk: /* Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, Modeling Energetic Electron Precipitation and Its Atmospheric Effects 
3. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity 
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00 
Location: Rooms 309-310 
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-22T13:12:13Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, Modeling Energetic Electron Precipitation and Its Atmospheric Effects 
3. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00
Location: Rooms 309-310
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-20T21:36:34Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, TBD
3. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00
Location: Rooms 309-310
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below. 
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-19T23:49:56Z

Dsozturk: /* Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, TBD
3. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following: 
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00
Location: Rooms 309-310
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below.
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2025-06-19T23:41:03Z

Dsozturk:

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2025 GEM/CEDAR Workshop Agenda ==

We have two stand-alone and seven joint sessions this year. 

=== Session 1: Advances in understanding precipitation sources and effects in the coupled MIT system ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 13.30-15.30 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

===== Schedule =====
1. Sam Walton, Energetic Electron Transport in the Inner Radiation Belt as a Source of Low-Latitude Precipitation 
2. Dedong Wang, TBD
3. Kalpesh Ghag, Investigations on the role of EUV and precipitation in interhemispheric asymmetries using MAGE simulations 
4. Shan Wang, Correlated Discontinuous Energetic Electron Precipitations and aurora arcs in the polar cap 
5. Prakash Poudel, Effects of Auroral Precipitation and Electric Fields on Ionosphere Thermosphere Response to the 2023 March Storm Using PFISR, GOLD, GNSS and Data Assimilated TIEGCM 
6. Louis Ozeke, Investigating Energetic Particle Precipitation and Atmospheric Climate Impacts with the Canadian RADICALS Mission 
7. Shipra Sinha, Anomalous Substorm Signatures During Sudden Solar-Wind Pressure Enhancements 
8. Lily Daneshmand, ULF Wave Modulation of Lower-Band Chorus During Pulsating Aurora Events 
9. Shannon Hill, Investigations on Theta Aurora using SWMF simulations 

=== Session 2: Discussion of the goals and next steps for the MPEC Focus Group with the community ===
Day, Time: Monday, June 23 at 16.00-18.00 CDT 
Location: Room 307 

This MPEC session will focus on a community discussion on proactive ways the community can prepare for the future of auroral precipitation and conductance research. We invite researchers from all kinds of backgrounds for a brainstorming session on topics listed, but not limited to the following:
- Paths forward to preserve and extend datasets on auroral precipitation and conductance 
- Use and sharing of computational resources across the community 
- Role of MPEC in these efforts 

=== Session 3: Drivers, Control, and Effects of the Ionospheric Conductance and Conductivity in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems ===
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-ionospheric-conductivity
Day, time: Thursday, June 26 at 16.00-18.00
Location: Rooms 309-310
Contact: Yen-Jung Joanne Wu (yjwussl@berkeley.edu), Brian Harding (bharding@ssl.berkeley.edu), Claire Gasque (lcgasque@berkeley.edu), Christine Gabrielse, Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, What we’ve learned so far measuring conductance in 2D with ASIs during the 2013 March 17 Storm? 
2. Karl Laundal, Deriving Conductance Maps from IMAGE FUV Data 
3. Liang Wang, OpenGGCM-GITM Coupling Through Conductance 
4. Jude Salinas, Severe Geomagnetic Storms Reduce Daytime E-region Electron Density over the Mid-latitudes 
5. Alex Mule, Auroral arc-scale Pedersen conductance 
6. Aaron Bukowski, Impacts of different auroral representations on the IT system 
7. Sreelakshmi Jayaraman, Evaluation of modeled auroral precipitation patterns using DMSP 
8. Ari Gottesman, Electron pressure in MHD and its effects on conductance 

For information on other joint sessions, please see below.
1. New opportunities for addressing outstanding problems in M-I-T physics using sounding rockets launched from Alaska
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-opportunities-sounding-rocket-itm-studies
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom A
Contact: Mark Conde (mgconde@alaska.edu)

2. Unravelling the global ionospheric current circuits and their role and impact in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-current-circuit-mit-system
Date/time: Tuesday, June 24 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Astrid Maute (astrid.maute@colorado.edu)

3. Whole-Atmosphere Coupling and Its Impact on the M-I-T System: New Perspectives from Observations and Modeling
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-new-perspectives-whole-atmosphere-coupling-and-mit-system-impacts-0
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Xian Lu (xianl@clemson.edu)

4. Ionosphere-Thermosphere response and feedback to the drivers in the magnetosphere
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-coupling-among-ionosphere-thermosphere-and-magnetosphere
Date/time: Wednesday, June 25 at 13.30-15.30 in Ballroom B
Contact: Yongliang Zhang (yongliang.zhang@jhuapl.edu)

5. Modelling of whole Geospace Coupling and Validation
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-whole-geospace-modeling-and-validation
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 10.00-12.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Wenbin Wang (wbwang@ucar.edu), Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu)

6. Heterogeneous data sets for auroral science
Link: https://cedarscience.org/workshop/2025-workshop-heterogeneous-data-sets-auroral-science-0
Date/time: Friday, June 27 at 16.00-18.00 in Ballroom B
Contact: Leslie Lamarche (leslie.lamarche@sri.com), Kristina Lynch(kristina.a.lynch@dartmouth.edu), Don Hampton, Meghan Burleigh, Jodie McLennan, Cam Westerlund, Alex Mule, Dong Lin (ldong@ucar.edu), Dogacan Su Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-25T20:08:09Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
9. Elizabeth MacDonald, What a storm! 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-25T02:57:26Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 
7. Shannon Hill, Implications of northward IMF reconnection with ionospheric convection reversal 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-25T01:25:12Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, Pauline Dredger, Modeling Auroral Conductance in the SWMF 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Understanding the causes of geomagnetic disturbances in geospace for hazard analysis on geomagnetically induced currents

2024-06-24T06:19:00Z

Dsozturk: /* 2024 GEM Summer Workshop */

== Focus Group Chairs ==
Xueling Shi, Virginia Tech (xueling7@vt.edu)

Dogacan Su Ozturk, University of Alaska Fairbanks (dsozturk@alaska.edu)

Mark Engebretson, Augsburg University (engebret@augsburg.edu)

Zhonghua Xu, Virginia Tech (zxu77@vt.edu)

Erin Joshua Rigler, USGS (erigler@usgs.gov)

== Overview ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) related to various phenomena in the near-Earth space environment can induce geoelectric fields within the electrically conducting Earth. In turn these geoelectric fields drive electric currents that can flow through technological infrastructure in the form of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) and cause potential damage to power grid, pipelines, and submarine cables. Our focus group (FG) aims to improve the physical understanding of the causes of GMDs through observations, numerical simulations, and machine learning techniques in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system for hazard analysis on GICs. Understanding the causes of GMDs is crucial in the development and validation of models which aim to accurately and reliably predict the variations of geoelectric fields and GICs and are objectives of the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (NSWSAP, 2019).

== Topic Description ==
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) have long been used to derive global geomagnetic activity indices (e.g., Kp, AE, and Dst), remote sense the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) currents and plasma waves, and as inputs to geoelectric field/GIC models. The sources of GMDs are directly related to various M-I currents and plasma waves which can be attributed to various drivers in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground coupled system. Despite extensive research, questions still remain regarding the common sources and driving mechanisms of GMDs. Many studies have focused on the association of GMDs with large-scale geomagnetic activity including storms and substorms. Several more recent statistical studies have analyzed the association of nighttime GMDs with global inputs (IMF and solar wind) and geomagnetic indices (e.g., Engebretson et al., 2021a, 2021b), and case studies have focused on more local phenomena such as overhead ionospheric currents and auroras (Belakhovsky et al., 2019, Dimmock et al., 2019, Apatenkov et al., 2020; and Weygand et al., 2021). The M-I currents that drive nighttime GMDs appear to be linked to mesoscale disturbances in the magnetotail, and their association with substorms and/or intervals of negative IMF Bz suggest the influence of magnetotail reconnection. Up to now, however, there have been very few reports connecting nighttime GMD events to specific disturbances in the magnetotail.

In addition, direct geoelectric field measurements are very limited and GIC measurements are usually not publicly available, many studies rely on dB/dt or ∆B as a proxy. However, it is still not yet well understood whether dB/dt or ∆B is a good proxy of GICs or under what conditions GMDs will couple to extreme geoelectric fields and GICs. Therefore, an interdisciplinary community-wide effort involving the space science data analysis, space weather modelling, magnetotelluric (MT), and the power system engineering communities, is needed to advance our understanding of the causes of GMDs and hazardous GICs. We propose an FG to address the following questions:

''Q1: What are the drivers of the formation and evolution of space weather significant GMDs?''

''Q2: To what extent can different models predict GMDs and what are immediate missing components to improve GMD prediction?''

''Q3: What is the most important input the GEM community could provide to those who study geoelectric fields and GICs?''

== Focus Group Proposal ==
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rETPfVGg7BnoCzK5AoyqXeAfbkBQn54V/view?usp=share_link GMD-GIC (2022)]

== 2024 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2024 GEM workshop will be held from June 23th to June 28th, 2024 in Fort Collins, CO at the Hilton Fort Collins. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. The student moderator helping us in the sessions is Gabrielle Nowak from the University of Alaska Fairbanks. There are four GIC sessions:

1. GIC stand-alone session I: Monday, 24 June 2024,10:30-12:00 MDT

* Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

* Mark Engebretson: Large high latitude GMDs are associated with isolated DFBs and intervals of high-speed solar wind

* James Weygand: Southern Hemisphere Magnetometer Arrays and Conjugate Spherical Elementary Currents Update

* Ethan Hu: Global Magnetometer Coverage Efficacy During Geomagnetic Disturbances: A Case Study of the 2003 Halloween Storm

* Shin Ohtani: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike During 2023 April 24th Storm

* Xueling Shi: Global Geomagnetically Induced Currents Caused by an Extremely Intense Density Pulse During a Coronal Mass Ejection

* Bhagyashree Vijay Waghule: What drove the 17 March 2013 GIC spikes at Mäntsälä? A Novel approach to understanding magnetospheric drivers of significant GICs.

* Walk-in and poster summary talks

2. GIC stand-alone session II: Monday, 24 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

* Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kathryn Wilbanks: Multi-model Ensemble Forecasting of Ground Magnetic Perturbations

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: Sun to Mud Forecasting using SHEATH and DAGGER

* Darcy Cordell: Modelling geomagnetically induced currents in the Alberta power network with comparison to Hall probe measurements

* Michael Wiltberger: GIC Proxies for the Gannon Storm from the MAGE Model

* Chigomezyo Ngwira: Large Geomagnetic Variations during Severe geomagnetic Disturbances

* Walk-in and poster summary talks: Joseph Baker

3. MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session: Wednesday, 26 June 2024,13:30-15:00 MDT

The MESO-MPEC-GIC joint session on “How can the upcoming GDC mission serve the GEM community?” will focus on learning about the GDC mission, and we welcome data and modeling presentations on MIT coupling that can contribute to this topic and can generate discussion. If you are interested in presenting, please contact Bea Gallardo-Lacourt (bea.gallardolacourt@nasa.gov), Katelynn Greer (katelynn.greer@lasp.colorado.edu), and Dogacan Ozturk (dsozturk@alaska.edu) with the title of your presentation and any accommodations you might require.

4. MMV-GIC joint session: Thursday, 27 June 2024, 10:30-12:00 MDT

The MMV-GIC joint session will be co-hosted by GEM's GIC focus group and the modeling methods and validation (MMV) resource group. This session will focus on discussion to plan and execute a modern modeling challenge for ground magnetic disturbance (GMD) and geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). We will have 3-4 invited, very brief "scene-setting" talks to review past efforts, available resources, and science motivations. This will be followed by an open and lively discussion to determine the best challenge design to track the evolution of modeling capabilities and provide feedback for model improvements, with an emphasis on ground magnetic measurements. If you have a model that can produce ground magnetic perturbations (regional or globally), a specific dataset for model validation, a challenge event candidate, or any relevant ideas (e.g., validation metrics/methods), you are encouraged to attend the session (with 1 slide or none) for an open discussion.

* Daniel Welling: Recommendations for next-generation ground magnetic perturbation validation

* Lutz Rastaetter: GMD modeling challenge from CCMC

* Anthony Rasca: NOAA’s efforts and priorities on GIC forecasting

* James Weygand: Telluric currents derived from the Spherical Elementary Current System Method

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop ==

The 2023 mini-GEM workshop will be held on Dec 10 at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA. This will be an in-person meeting with a virtual component, ensuring accessibility for a broader audience. Please join the meeting via the [https://alaska.zoom.us/j/89989284257?pwd=SjJGSkdrRkdGelUxaTE1Y1NHVDBEUT09 Zoom link], Meeting ID: 899 8928 4257, Passcode: 095107. If you'd like to be added to the group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

Are you interested in contributing to future GIC FG activities and sharing your insights on GEM GMD-GIC modeling challenges? Your response will help us determine the level of community interest and plan accordingly. We appreciate your engagement and look forward to your feedback [https://forms.office.com/r/kinvATa4g8 here].

1. GIC stand-alone session, Sunday, 10 December, 13:45-15:15 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The stand-alone GIC session will focus on discussion of modeling efforts (numerical, MHD, and machine learning models) on ground magnetic field perturbations. Short talks (1-slide < 5 min) are encouraged, linked to potential datasets/events for future modeling challenges or techniques/methods to enhance modeling of geomagnetic/geoelectric field perturbations. We eagerly anticipate an open discussion to explore challenges and recent advancements in GMD-GIC modeling, building on the legacy of the GEM 2008-2009 Challenge on ground magnetic field perturbations.

* Xueling Shi/Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

* Kareem Sorathia: Modeling GMDs with MAGE: Recent Work and Future Plans

* Erik Vandegriff: Predicting Localized GMDs in the SWMF: Performance Assessment and Suggested Improvements

* Banafsheh Ferdousi: OPEN-GGCM and FDL-X GMD modelling updates

* Adrian LaMoury: Operational space weather forecasting with the GorgonOps simulation suite

* Howard Singer: A regional predictive geoelectric field model prototype

* Andong Hu: 10-60 mins ahead geoelectric field prediction model

* Matthew Blandin: Gridded Matrix Solution of Solar Wind Driven and Magnetic Local Time Dependent Machine Learned Neural Networks for Global Geomagnetic Field Predictions

* Mark Engebretson: Observations of Nighttime Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMDs) Related to Dipolarizing Flux Bundles (DFBs)

* Denny Oliveira: First observations of shock impact angle effects on real GICs measured at the natural gas pipeline in Mäntsälä, southern Finland

* Jeffrey J Love: March 1940 superstorm

* Dogacan Ozturk: Using semi-/self-supervised classification of auroral images for GMD research

* Jesper Gjerloev/Ying Zou: An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike during 2023 April 24th Storm

* Open Discussion

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Sunday, 10 December, 15:30-17:00 US Pacific Time, Gold Rush A room

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 mini-GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups and a summary of recent activities, followed by updates from NSF and discussion of international collaborations involving ground magnetometers including International Polar Year. The rest of the session will be for SuperMAG updates, discussion of ground magnetometer campaigns with satellite missions (SMILE, GDC, EZE,…), and data sharing.

* 1530-1535 - Mike Hartinger and Xueling Shi, GMAG board overview / Planned GIC FG activities
* 1535-1545 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1545-1550 - Zhonghua Xu, Recap from GEOSCOPR workshop (Vladimir Papitashvili also available for Q+A)
* 1550-1555 - Zhonghua Xu and Mike Hartinger, Early plans for ground magnetometers in the International Polar Year: IASC feedback
* 1555-1600 - Lucilla Alfonsi (presented by Mike Hartinger), International Collaboration - SCAR AGATA
* 1600-1610 - Discussion
* 1610-1615 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG update
* 1615-1620 - Jesper Gjerloev, EZIE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1620-1625 - Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, GDC mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1625-1630 - Jennifer Carter, SMILE mission coordination with ground-based measurements, including magnetometers
* 1630-1635 - Jennifer Carter and Maria-Theresia Walach, SMILE mission winter campaign planning
* 1635-1640 - Alexander Drozdov, Accessing Magnetometers from Seismology Databases via SPEDAS software
* 1640-1700 - General Q+A and discussion

== 2023 GEM Summer Workshop ==

The 2023 GEM meeting will be held on June 11 – 16, 2023 in San Diego, CA at the Wyndham San Diego Bayside hotel. A virtual component will be accommodated via Zoom. We will have three sessions in total this year. If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here]. The student moderators helping us in the sessions are Erik Vandegriff and Espen Fredrick from the University of Texas at Arlington.

1. GIC stand-alone session, Wednesday, 14 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific B

The stand-alone session will be focused on modeling of GMD, geoelectric fields, and GICs.

Xueling Shi: FG Introduction

Louis Lanzerotti (invited): GIC Studies on AT&T Cables Over 25 Years,1972-2001

Christopher Balch (invited): NOAA's geoelectric field model

Krishnat Patil (invited): Bulk Electric Power System GMD Analysis using PSS®E

Michael Hartinger: SCUBAS: A python based numerical model to estimate electrical surges in submarine cables during geomagnetic disturbances

Kareem Sorathia: Global Modeling of Multiscale Stormtime Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling

Yue Deng: Ground Magnetic Disturbances due to Neutral-wind-driven Ionospheric Currents

Banafsheh Ferdousi: Global Geomagnetic Perturbation Forecasting Using Deep Learning

James Weygand: GICs from the spherical elementary current systems method

Open discussion on modeling challenges.

2. GBMA-GIC joint session, Wednesday, 14 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2023 GEM workshop.

* 1330-1335 - Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group and Recent Updates
* 1335-1345 - Chia-Lin Huang, NSF updates
* 1345-1350 - Jesper Gjerloev, SuperMAG updates
* 1350-1355 - Peter Chi, ULTIMA updates
* 1355-1400 - Discussion
* 1400-1405 - Peter Chi, SMART network updates
* 1405-1410 - Doga Ozturk, UAF SWUG Data Center
* 1410-1415 - Zhonghua Xu, AALPIP network update
* 1415-1420 - Hyomin Kim, NJIT update Antarctic geospace measurements
* 1420-1425 - Mark Engebretson (virtual), MACCS network update and relevance to GDC/SMILE
* 1425-1430 - Josh Rigler (virtual), USGS updates (observatories and variometers)
* 1430-1500 - General Q+A and discussion

3. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A

This joint session consists of contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster or research summary.

Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction

Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences

Andrew Dimmock: Analysis of the geoelectric fields in Sweden and the link to GICs

Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC

Kosta Horaites: Magnetospheric Response to a Pressure Pulse in a Three-dimensional Hybrid-Vlasov Simulation

James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground

Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances

Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm

Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field

Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model

Walk-in talks: 1-slide research summary (can be poster advertisement), Kristina Collins

Open discussion on available resources and potential model challenge events.

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The 2022 mini-GEM meeting will be held hybrid via Zoom (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09, Meeting ID: 879 5608 7298, Passcode: 455961). If you'd like to be added to the google group to hear more about future FG activities, please sign up [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1y6G4tAjPg4R0sOtBnj3xCSbY93bx_guBZ_D1e0nHfaw/edit#gid=0 here].

1. GIC-GMAG-IHMIC joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 12:00-13:30 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The first joint session will be focused on GIC-GMAG-IHMIC interactive discussion and updates from NSF/NASA agency and GMAG network.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MiThub-qdCy2E9diZi4JjTGHhBPNunnd/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Introduction]

Lisa Winter/Jesse Woodroffe: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1iDeLkYlmTTK4pry79SAuuIkj3I0qZP2_/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Agency updates]

Daniel Welling: GIC SSC

Michael Hartinger: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LAqaIgQ-gI4XzbwXK5DJXrWcyCYwGIAI/view?usp=share_link US GMAG board updates]

James Weygand: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1rHmZsg8IkdeHrgQnukL2R-OloRwVQb1f/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true HDRL/DOIs, data sharing]

Peter Chi: GMAG network challenges

US GMAG network updates ([https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1jkJjsSfbA-zFOmzM5bNNUUVs6TIFNz1N/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true David Miles])

2. GIC-GMAG joint session, Sunday, 11 December, 13:45-15:15 CT, Room Williford B at Hilton Chicago Hotel

The second joint session consists of contributed talks and follow-up discussions.

Dogacan Ozturk/Xueling Shi: Introduction

Mark Engebretson: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15y4EmT4-hU1LFxJk_DvGEIcFPjNyepIf/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Occurrence distributions and morphology of large geomagnetic disturbances observed in Arctic Canada]

Michael Madelaire: Transient high latitude geomagnetic response to rapid increases in solar wind dynamic pressure

Cheng Sheng: [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1_CGKxWkKde9v9NJQdZMKFuTxxFRUsyjy/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Ground Magnetic Perturbations due to Neutral-wind Driven Ionospheric Currents]

Matthew Blandin: Constructing A Machine Learned Global Geomagnetic Field Prediction Model From Magnetic Local Time Dependent Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Networks

Hannah Parry: geoelectric field and GIC measurement comparisons

Shibaji Chakraborty: Modeling geomagnetic induction in submarine cables

== 2022 GEM Workshop Meeting ==

The student moderator helping us in the sessions are Emily McDougall from UNH and Sophie Graf The University of Texas at Arlington.

Monday, 20 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, GIC-GBMA Joint Session

The GEM GIC focus group and US magnetometer group will have a joint session at the 2022 GEM workshop. The session will begin with an introduction to both groups followed by an invited talk by Dr. Chigomezyo Ngwira on geomagnetically induced currents and geomagnetic disturbances. The remainder of the session will be for discussion of Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey white papers related to ground magnetometers and short magnetometer network updates.

* Mike Hartinger, Overview of the US Ground Magnetometer Group
* Xueling Shi, [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12DADQJjwPeKwJyKYi45HlKd9q8qpz5Gc/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=106928426427468355073&rtpof=true&sd=true Overview of the new GEM GIC focus group]
* Chigomezyo Ngwira (invited), Review of Geomagnetic Disturbances and GIC
* Mike Hartinger, Decadal survey discussions overview, overarching white paper
* Jesper Gjerloev, Decadal survey white paper
* All, Discussion of Decadal survey white papers
* Magnetometer Network/SuperMAG Updates (1-slide each): Jesper Gjerloev (SuperMAG), Shane Coyle (AALPIP), Shane Coyle (GPS Rollover), Michelle Salzano (MICA-S), Hyomin Kim (HamSCI magnetometer), Hyomin Kim (Deep polar cap Antarctic network), Mark Engebretson (MACCS - presenting virtually)

Tuesday, 21 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session I

This session will begin with an introduction to the GIC focus group followed by two invited talks and a few contributed talks on observations of GMDs, their potential causes, and education outreach related to magnetometer arrays.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Jeffrey Love (invited), Mapping a magnetic superstorm
* Audrey Schillings (invited), dB/dt spikes during space weather events
* Mark Engebretson, Review of large amplitude geomagnetic disturbances in eastern Arctic Canada
* James Weygand, ASI and GOES observations of nighttime magnetic perturbation events observed in Arctic Canada
* Chigomezyo Ngwira, Analysis of Ground dB/dt Spatiotemporal Variations
* Austin Cohen, UAF Space Weather UnderGround: Space Weather Research and Education Through Student-built Magnetometer Arrays
* Jesper Gjerloev, The MagPi magnetometer: Letting everyone listen to the Earth-Space conversation

Tuesday, 21 June, 0330-0500 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC Stand-alone Session II

This session will focus on geomagnetic and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. It begins with an introduction to current activities of the GIC focus group followed by one invited talk and a few contributed talks on GMD and geoelectric field modeling and prediction. We will have interactive discussion in the end on modeling challenges and future activities of this FG.

* Xueling Shi, Introduction
* Howard Singer (invited), Geospace to Geoelectric Field Modeling at SWPC: Development, Results, and Challenges
* Lisa Winter, Sponsored workshop by NSF-NASA-NOAA
* Shibaji Chakraborty, Modeling Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables
* Elizabeth Vandegriff, Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances: Exploring Modeling and Forecasting Capabilities in Global MHD
* Matthew Blandin, Coupled Model Applications for Geomagnetically Induced Currents across Alaska
* Interactive discussion on modeling challenges.

Friday, 24 June, 1030-1200 US Hawaii Time, IHMIC-GIC Joint Session

* Mark Engebretson, Observations of conjugate high latitude geomagnetic disturbances that can cause GICs
* Zhonghua Xu, Inter-hemispheric asymmetries in the ground magnetic ULF wave response to interplanetary shocks at high latitudes-Case Study
* Hyomin Kim, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Studies Using the PSWS Magnetometer Network
* Bob Lysak, Cavity Mode Structure of Pi2 Pulsations
* Martin Archer, [https://drive.google.com/file/d/10uwR_N7r0PhVa6JHayeOUyCdYbAEtx_d/view?usp=share_link What are the ionospheric and ground magnetic signatures of global magnetopause surface modes?]
* Simone Di Matteo, Global and local ULF waves in response to solar wind periodic density structures
* Gabby Nowak, Relationship Between Geomagnetic Field Variations and External Drivers Across Different Latitudes and Hemispheres

Friday, 24 June, 0130-0300 PM US Hawaii Time, GIC-IEMIT Joint Session

* Jesper Gjerloev, The NASA EZIE mission: New insight into the Earth-Space electrical current circuit.
* Mike Hartinger, Undersampling of ULF wave fields that drive GIC
* Xueling Shi, Large geoelectric and geomagnetic perturbations observed after an IMF turning and solar wind dynamic pressure impulse
* Thomas Elsden, Modelling the Varying Location of Field Line Resonances During Geomagnetic Storms
* Hannah Parry, Validation of Differential Magnetometer Measurements of GICs on Alberta's High Voltage Network
* Denny Oliveira, Impact Angle Control of Local Intense dB /dt Variations During Shock-Induced Substorms

Friday, 24 June, 0500 pm US Hawaii Time, Honolulu Magnetic observatory field trip (contact Josh: erigler@usgs.gov and Xueling: xueling7@vt.edu to sign up)

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-21T18:01:37Z

Dsozturk: /* Schedule */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the SuperDARN high-resolution campaign: Rapid evolution of flows and aurora 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, MAGNIT 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-20T22:41:43Z

Dsozturk: /* 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the campaign observations: rapid evolution of aurora and flows 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, MAGNIT 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 
Followed by community discussion (interactive).

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-20T22:41:14Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

The particles precipitating from the magnetosphere play an important role in the determination and modelling of ionospheric electrodynamics, especially conductance which modulates the magnetosphere’s response to the solar wind. Precipitation of magnetospheric particles and their energy deposition in the Earth’s upper atmosphere depend on a number of parameters including, but not limited to, their magnetospheric origin, energy range, flux, auroral display, spatiotemporal scale, etc. As a result, the ionospheric conductance can be modified in various ways further affecting the plasma convection, field-aligned (FAC) and ionospheric currents, and ionospheric/thermospheric temperature and densities. Therefore, understanding the properties of different sources of magnetospheric precipitation and their relative roles in the electrodynamic coupling of M-I across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales is crucial for improving predictive modelling capabilities. This broad topic necessitates the existence of a designated GEM focus group to achieve a community-wide collaboration.

<big>'''🪑 Focus Group Chairs'''</big> 
* [https://sites.google.com/alaska.edu/dsozturkhomepage/ Doğacan Su Öztürk -- University of Alaska Fairbanks], 📨 [mailto:dsozturk@alaska.edu to Doğa] 
* [https://staff.ucar.edu/users/ldong Dong Lin -- High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research], 📨 [mailto:ldong@ucar.edu to Dong] 
* [http://shi.buaa.edu.cn/yuyiqun/en/ Yiqun Yu -- Beihang University] 
* [https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/bio/katherine.garcia-sage Katherine Garcia-Sage -- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center] 
* [https://www.clemson.edu/science/departments/physics-astro/people/profiles/skaeppl Stephen Kaeppler -- Clemson University] 

<big>'''🗓 Focus Group Goals'''</big> 
To advance the physical knowledge and improve the numerical modelling of 
- The magnetospheric particle precipitation (precipitation mechanism and characteristics, magnetospheric origin, auroral forms). 
- The effects of particle precipitation on the ionospheric electrodynamics, with an emphasis on the ionospheric conductance. 
- Response of the I-T system to precipitation and its feedback to the Magnetosphere. 

<big>'''🤝 Get Involved in MPEC FG'''</big> 
Please sign-up to our MPEC e-mail list to learn more about our FG activities and opportunities to participate at a greater capacity: https://forms.gle/BrsYo6LCewiysUij6.

__TOC__

= GEM Workshops =

== 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

We have three stand-alone sessions and three joint sessions this year. The stand-alone sessions are as follows. 

=== Session 1: Updates on observations and instruments ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 13.30-15.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

===== Schedule =====
1. Christine Gabrielse, Energy Flux and Conductance During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm from Auroral Precipitation 
2. Sneha Yedav, Investigating the Spatiotemporal Development of Substorm Expansion Phase Aurora: Successive Onsets or Poleward-Boundary Intensifications? 
3. Toshi Nishimura, Initial results of the campaign observations: rapid evolution of aurora and flows 
4. Xueling Shi, Statistical Analysis of Ultra Low Frequency Total Electron Content Disturbances: Relationship to Magnetospheric Waves 
5. Tetsuo Motoba, Dayside Shock Aurora on 10 May 2024: Preliminary results 
6. Nick Bartel, Roles of Ionospheric Conductance in Dominant Modes of Field-Aligned Currents (FAC) Variability: Inter-hemispheric Analysis of AMPERE-Iridium Data 
7. Paul Bernhardt, Active Remediation of Radiation Belts Using Intense Whistlers Generated by Ionospheric Amplification of VLF Signals 
8. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 

=== Session 2: Updates on numerical and empirical modelling ===
Day, Time: June 25, 2024, between 15.30-17.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

1. Margaret Chen, Simulating Mesoscale Effects of Enhanced Ionospheric Conductance Associated with Auroral Precipitation 
2. Bill Lotko, Dayside reconnection-induced Alfvénic power flowing into the low-altitude cusp 
3. Dong Lin, The Dragon King auroral precipitation model in MAGE 
4. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, MAGNIT 
5. Qingyu Zhu, ASHLEY and the impact of soft electron precipitation on the thermosphere 
6. Yudi Pan, WACCM simulation of chemical effects brought by energetic electron precipitation 

=== Session 3: Collaboration session ===
Please fill out the link for us to better understand community expectations for this session: https://forms.gle/wb3g8A2QHx87FD8K7 
Day, Time: June 26, 2024, between 10.30-12.00 MDT 
Location: Green and Gold 

1. Asti Bhatt, RISR, PFISR, and MANGO Network 
2. Liz MacDonald, Citizen Science Observations of Gannon Storm 
3. Austin Cohen, Low-cost all-sky cameras and magnetometers for Geospace Research 

== 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 10th between 12.00-13.30 PST in Gold Rush A room at the Holiday Inn San Francisco – Golden Gateway in San Francisco, CA.
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/82111328903?pwd=Ykg5Q2ZiZG9QN05kU1FkcElLTkhEUT09)

The meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Xiaochen Shen, Statistical Properties of Whistler Wave-Driven Electron Precipitation from ELFIN Observations 
2. Dong Lin, Characterizing auroral precipitation and ionospheric conductance with the Dragon King model in MAGE 
3. Gowtam Valluri, Machine Learning based Particle Precipitation Model (ML-PPM): Preliminary results and future directions 
4. Pauline Dredger, Two-Way Coupling GITM into the SWMF for GMD Prediction 
5. Shannon Hill, Theta aurora studies using SWMF FAC and JH Output 
6. Christine Gabrielse, Meso-scale vs. Large-scale Precipitation During the 2013 St. Patrick’s Day Storm: A Focus on Energy Flux, Mean Energy, & Hall 
7. Margaret Chen, Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductivity and Conductance 
8. Weijie Sun, The acceleration of relativistic electrons by magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth tail region 
9. Astrid Maute, A new global electrodynamo model 
10. Dan Welling, MAAX Mission Updates 
11. Aaron Brenneman, AGU Chapman Conference 

== 2023 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

This year we have overall six sessions, four of them being joint and two as stand-alone sessions. The stand-alone sessions are organized based on topical relevance. The sessions will feature talks on global precipitation and wave-driven precipitation and their effects. 

=== 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation at different planets.

1. George Clark, "Opening Remarks" 
2. Bob Lysak, "MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter" 
3. Shaosui Xu, "Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus" 
4. Jim Raines, "Cusp precipitation at Mercury" 
5. Weijie Sun, "Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres" 
6. Ryan Dewey, "Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment" 
7. Chuanfei Dong, "Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars" 
8. Dibyendu Sur, "Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus" 
9. Harriet George, "Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space" 
10. Walk-in, "Presentations/Poster Advertisements" 

=== 2. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will start with one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks of 1-slide summaries. The session focuses on global magnetospheric precipitation.

1. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Introductory Remarks" 
2. Tom Sotirelis, "Scene-setting Talk" (invited) 
3. Angeline Burell, "Dual boundary coordinates in polar magnetosphere-ionosphere studies" 
4. Gowtam Valluri, "ML-based Particle Precipitation Model" 
5. Louis Ozeke, "RADICALS mission update" 
6. Sneha Yadav, "Association of equatorward extended streamers with overshielding conditions at equatorial latitude" 
7. Jeremiah Johnson, "Aurora Detection and Classification in THEMIS All-Sky Images via Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning" 
8. Jun Liang, "Green isolated proton auroras: Observations and proton-hydrogen-electron transport model simulation" 
9. Poster Presenters, 1-slide walk-in poster advertisements 

=== 3. MPEC stand-alone session, Tuesday, 13 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific B ===

This stand-alone session will consist of contributed talks on magnetospheric precipitation due to waves and their effects on ionospheric conductances. The session will end with a discussion of plans for mini-GEM 2023 and GEM 2024. 

1. Bill Lotko, "Poleward Propagating Alfvénic surges stimulated by FTEs" 
2. Sheng Tian, "Conjunction observations on discrete auroras and Alfven waves: can auroral movies serve as an effective proxy for monitoring wave development in space?" 
3. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Mapping of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance from Electron Cyclotron Harmonic Waves" 
4. Yiqun Yu, "Ionospheric modulation due to EMIC wave-driven proton precipitation" 
5. Xiaojia Zhang, "Ionospheric plasma Density Gradients Associated With Night-Side Energetic Electron Precipitation" 
6. Luisa Cappannolo, "Evaluating the atmospheric input and ionization from EMIC-driven electron precipitation" 
7. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave modulation of Space Weather Significant TEC Events" 
8. Steve Kaeppler, "Characteristics of Precipitation - TBD" 
9. Doga Ozturk - Dong Lin, "Open Discussion Plans for Next Year and Mini-GEM" 

=== 4. IHMIC-GIC-MPEC joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session consists of one invited talk followed by contributed talks and walk-in talks on poster summary. We will have follow-up discussions on available data base (GMD, geoelectric field, and GIC) and potential modeling challenge events.

1. Dogacan Ozturk: FG Introduction 
2. Mark Engebretson: Solar cycle dependence of extreme GMDs occurrences 
3. Michael Hartinger: ULF Wave Contributions to GIC 
4. James Weygand: Mapping DFBs observed by THEMIS to GMDs observed on the ground 
5. Juan Rodriguez-Zuluaga: Unraveling the coherence breakdown of ground-level geomagnetic disturbances 
6. Shin Ohtani: The cause of the 1600 nT Colaba magnetic depression during the 1859 Carrington storm 
7. Karl Laundal: How the ionosphere perturbs Earth’s magnetic field 
8. Xin Cao: The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network-Based Model 
9. Walk-in talks: 1-slide poster summary 
10. Open discussion. 

=== 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on meso-scale precipitation due to dipolarization events.
We will have a panel-led discussion on the following questions:
<ol><li> What can ground-based observations tell us about the mesoscale phenomena occurring in space?
<li> How can we leverage the existing ground-based networks and operational spacecraft data we have for multi-scale coupling research without having the propelling effect of a big NASA mission (like THEMIS or GDC)?
<li> How do model results of mesoscale dynamics translate to ground-based observations in the nightside? Do the model results present similar ground-based signatures in terms of scale size, temporal evolution, and overall dynamics?
</ol>

After the panel provides their thoughts, we will open up the discussion to the room. Please join in! We wish to run it "workshop style", so please bring a slide if you want to help with the discussion, or just your thoughts.

Panelists:
<ol><li> Kareem Sorathia (Modeling)
<li> Bashi Ferdousi (Modeling)
<li> Toshi Nishimura (Data)
<li> Sneha Yadav (Data)
<li> Emma Spanswick (Data)
</ol>

=== 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A ===

This joint session will focus on precipitation from the inner magnetosphere using ML models. 
1. Alfredo Cruz: Emulating the RAM-SCB and CIMI ring current models 
2. Sheng Huang: Machine learning of hiss waves in the plumes 
3. Xiaochen Shen: Large-amplitude whistler waves in plasmasphere and plumes 
4. Qianli Ma: Performance of empirical models of total electron density and whistler-mode waves 
5. Xin Cao: The response of ionospheric currents to external drivers investigated using a neural network-based model 
6. Cristian Ferradas: Modeling the effects of field line curvature scattering on the ring current and the atmosphere 

== 2022 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda ==
The MPEC session will take place on Sunday, December 11th between 15.30-17.00 CT in Williford B Room of the Hilton Chicago Hotel (720 South Michigan Avenue).
There will also be a hybrid component accessible via Zoom. (https://alaska.zoom.us/j/87956087298?pwd=ZnY2cUExeVFHV0djcmxKOTBUTm9HQT09)

The tentative meeting schedule is as follows. 
1. Jim Raines, "Space weathering on airless bodies: Ion precipitation at Mercury" 
2. Louis Ozeke, "The Relationship between Intense Electron Precipitation and Electron Injections" 
3. Alexa Halford and Kyle Murphy, "NASA Space Precipitation Impacts Group" 
4. Tian Sheng, "Auroral Beads in Conjunction With Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Equatorial Inner-Magnetosphere" 
5. Margaret Chen, "Diffuse Auroral Precipitation Effects on Ionospheric Conductance, Particle, and Joule Heating During the 17 March 2015 Storm" 
6. Lonxing Ma, "Simulating the Global Distribution of particle precipitation in response to ULF waves" 

== 2022 GEM Workshop Agenda ==

There will be 2 stand-alone and 2 joint MPEC sessions. Please follow our slack channel for notifications and discussions: https://gemworkshop.slack.com/archives/C03GNRQAYCF

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Monday, June 20, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Bluefin ===
This session will focus on observational studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Allison Jaynes, "Rocket Missions and the Energetic Content of Pulsating Aurora" 
2. Riley Troyer, "Substorm Activity as a Driver of Energetic Pulsating Aurora" 
3. Mykhaylo Shumko, "The Association of Relativistic Electron Microbursts With the Aurora" 
4. Jone Peter Reistad, "Origins of keV Electron Precipitation in the Summer Hemisphere Polar Cap: On the Structure and Dynamics of High Latitude Dayside Aurora" 
5. Christine Gabrielse, "Estimating Precipitating Energy Flux, Average Energy, and Hall Auroral Conductance in 2D From THEMIS All-Sky-Imagers With Focus on Mesoscales" 
6. Jiang Liu, "Embedded R1 and R2 Currents: a Source of Intense Precipitation, and Their Preferred Condition" 
7. Harneet Sangha, "An Analysis of Region 2 Field-Aligned Current Bifurcations" 

=== MPEC Stand-alone session on Tuesday, June 21, 2022, 10:30-12:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===
This session will focus on numerical studies of magnetospheric sources of particle precipitation.

1. Bill Lotko, TBD (Modelling of Magnetospheric Particle Precipitation) 
2. Eftyhia Zesta, "Role of Ion Precipitation in M-I Coupling and Electron Upflow" 
3. Yu Lin, "Cusp Ion Precipitation Associated with Magnetopause Reconnection Viewed from Global Hybrid Simulation" 
4. Yann Pfau-Kempf, "Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Vlasiator" 
5. Maxime Grandin, "First 3D Results with Vlasiator on Auroral Proton Precipitation During Southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field Driving" 
6. Shanshan Bao, "Gray-box Modeling of Particle Scattering and Auroral Precipitation" 
7. Zihan Wang, "COMPASS: A New COnductance Model Based on PFISR And SWARM Satellite Observations" 

=== MPEC-SCIMM joint session on Wednesday, June 22, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Raluca Ilie, "Ionospheric Feedback to the Magnetosphere" 
2. Michael Hartinger, "ULF Wave Modulation of Total Electron Content" 
3. Mei-Ching Fok, TBD (Particle precipitation with the CIMI model) 
4. Yongliang Zhang, "Ring Current Aurora" 
5. Qianli Ma, "Electron Precipitation and Ionospheric Density Enhancements due to Hiss" 
6. Dillon Gillespie, "Global Statistics of Diffuse Electron Aurora and Ionospheric Conductance Directly Derived from Whistler-mode Chorus Waves" 
7. Dong Lin, "Origin of the Dawnside SAPS During Major Geomagnetic Storms" 

=== MPEC-IEMIT joint session on Thursday, June 23, 2022, 13:30-15:00 HDT, at Alohilani II ===

1. Emma Spanswick, "Proposed Upgrades to UCalgary & UAlberta Ground Arrays in Advance of GDC" 
2. Hyomin Kim, "Riometer Observations of Particle Precipitation During the LAMP Mission" 
3. Jeremiah Johnson, "Understanding Auroral Morphology Through Self-Supervised Machine Learning" 
4. Margaret Chen, "Effects of Diffuse Auroral Precipitation on Ionospheric Conductivity and Joule Heating During Storms: Simulation and Data Comparisons" 
5. Agnit Mukhopadhyay, "Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation" 
6. Eftyhia Zesta, "Impact of the Precipitation Energy Distribution on the I-T system"

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-06-20T22:31:57Z

Dsozturk: /* 2024 GEM Workshop Agenda */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-05-13T19:27:00Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2024-05-13T19:26:30Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-12-10T08:39:30Z

Dsozturk: /* 2023 mini-GEM Workshop Agenda */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-12-10T08:34:49Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-12T04:15:25Z

Dsozturk: /* 5. MPEC-MESO-DIP joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-12T04:13:36Z

Dsozturk: /* 6. MPEC-SCIMM-ML joint session, Thursday, 15 June, 15:30-17:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-12T04:04:17Z

Dsozturk: /* 1. COMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-10T20:31:37Z

Dsozturk: /* 1. CPMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Comparative Planetary Magnetospheric Processes

2023-06-09T21:13:04Z

Dsozturk:

__TOC__

'''2023 GEM Summer Workshop'''
 
COmparative Planetary Magnetospheric Processes (COMP) focus group will hold 2 stand-alone sessions and 2 joint sessions. Please note that in the agenda below, the exact presentation time may vary depending on the actual evolution of the meeting.

In this inaugural FG, one of our main objectives is to gather community feedback on how to best pursue this topic to make meaningful progress in comparative magnetospheric processes. Therefore, we will have a series of scene setting talks followed by an open discussion session. In the open discussion part, we encourage participants to prepare 2-3 slides and be ready to share as the conversation evolves. One of our major goals is to unveil the wide range of questions that can be addressed by exploring the vast physical parameter space within our solar system. To achieve this goal, we need to access our modeling capabilities, evaluate the level of maturity of available data sets and theories, identify the community needs to facilitate future comparative studies, and establish effective strategies for coordinating efforts among different communities.

'''1. COMP Stand-alone Session (10:30–12:00 Monday, June 12, Room A)'''
 
Exploring the parameter space of magnetospheric physics
 
10:30   Overview of FG
 
10:40   Dan Gershman: magnetospheric dynamics and reconnection (Scene Setting Talk)
 
10:55   Grant Stephens: magnetic field modeling of Mercury, Earth, & Saturn
 
11:05   Ryan Dewey: Mercury's dawn-dusk magnetotail asymmetries and their relationship with magnetic activity
 
11:15   Xuanye Ma: Review of the KHI at the different planets

Open discussion: what are the big questions that can be addressed by exploring the vast physical parameter space within our solar system? (Co-chairs, Fran Bagenal, Bob Lysak)
 
11:25   Some elements to consider: Modeling capabilities; maturity of topic & data sets; relevance to comparative planetary needs/topics
 
11:55   Summary and future endeavors
 

'''2. MPEC-COMP Joint Session (10:30–12:00 Tuesday, June 13, Room A)'''
 
10:30   George Clark: Opening remarks
 
10:40   Bob Lysak: MI-coupling w/ emphasis on comparative processes between Earth & Jupiter
 
10:55   Shaosui Xu: Magnetic topology of Mars vs Venus
 
11:05   Jim Raines: Cusp precipitation at Mercury
 
11:15   Weijie Sun: Flux transfer events in planetary magnetospheres
 
11:23   Ryan Dewey: Characteristics of Mercury's energetic electron environment
 
11:31   Chuanfei Dong: Electrodynamic coupling of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere systems at Mars
 
11:39   Dibyendu Sur: Presence of Double Layers and Phase-Space Holes at Venus
 
11:47   Harriet George: Non-lightning-generated whistler wave in near-Venus space
 
11:55   Walk-in Presentations/Poster Advertisements

'''3. COMP Stand-alone Session (13:30–15:00 Tuesday, June 13, Room Coa)'''
 
13:30   Summary & refined open questions from previous sessions
 
13:45   Lisa Winter: NSF talk on comparative planetary magnetosphere funding opportunities
 
13:55   Nithin Sivadas: Solar wind driving of planetary magnetospheres
 
14:05   Chuanfei Dong: Using Mercury and Ganymede to Learn Earth’s Responses to Extreme Space Weather Events
 
14:15   Jaya Joseph: ECH waves at Jupiter and some comparisons with Earth and Saturn
 
14:25–15:30   Open discussion on various topics (panel members: Co-chairs, Fran Bagenal, Bob Lysak)
 
*Ideas on how to best organize topics/goals to address the big questions
*Identify specific case events in various mission data sets & potential GEM challenges that will help enable the community to address the open questions
*Coordinating efforts and discussion of potential funding avenues for cross-divisional/disciplinary science

'''4. COMP-RB-DIP Joint Session (10:30–12:00 Wednesday, June 14, Room A)'''
 
10:30   Opening remarks from FG leads
 
10:40   Peter Kollmann: Radiation belt dynamics w/ emphasis on comparative source and acceleration processes (Scene Setting Talk)
 
10:55   Sasha Drozdov: Modeling of Saturn’s radiation environment using the VERB code
 
11:05   Anthony Sciola: Comparing injections and interchange instability between Earth and Saturn
 
11:15   Anton Artemyev: Role of electron field-aligned streams in current sheet configuration in Jovian and Earth magnetotails
 
11:15–12:00   Open Discussion + Walk-in talks

== Chairs ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Focus Group Chairs
! Name
! Affiliation
! Contact Details
|-
| George Clark
| John Hopkins Applied Physics Lab
| george.clark at jhuapl.edu
|-
| Wen Li
| Boston University
| wenli77 at bu.edu
|-
| Bob Marshall
| University of Colorado Boulder
| robert.marshall at colorado.edu
|-
| Dan Gershman
| NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| daniel.j.gershman at nasa.gov
|-
| Peter Delamere
| University of Alaska Fairbanks
| padelamere at alaska.edu
|-
| Shannon Curry
| University of California, Berkeley
| smcurry at berkeley.edu
|}

== Science Topic ==

The Solar System is gifted with a diverse array of magnetospheric systems, from the familiar
Dungey-cycle-driven system at Earth, to the extreme Vasyliunas-cycle-driven Gas Giants, to the
unmagnetized-solar wind interactions found at Mars and Venus. Together, this diverse set of
planetary magnetospheres makes it possible to probe fundamental physical processes by exploring
how and under what conditions they operate in and across the Solar System. Furthermore, if we
can make sense of this large parameter regime then not only will we improve our understanding of
the geospace environment, but we may be able to close the gap in our understanding of plasma
physics elsewhere in the cosmos, e.g., magnetospheres of pulsars and brown dwarfs. However, to
reach that goal, it requires the Earth and Planetary space physics communities to give serious
consideration to the physics behind the similarities and differences between these systems. That
brings us to the primary goal of this focus group (FG)—to assess the physical processes
within our Solar System that ultimately shape these planetary magnetospheric environments
with the aim of uncovering parameter regimes associated with distinct and universal
mechanisms.
 

Studying all the processes is an overwhelming and unrealistic task, so we propose the
following key comparative topics that directly relate to the active GEM focus groups: 1)
comparative magnetotail dynamics and their effects on the transport of mass, momentum,
energy, and magnetic flux; 2) comparative planetary radiation belts and ring currents and
the processes that source and sustain them across drastically different magnetospheres; 3)
comparative magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling mechanisms, e.g., precipitation,
acceleration, outflow, and drivers across solar wind driven, internally driven, and induced
magnetospheres. Even still this list is quite broad relative to the typical GEM FGs; however, one
of the main objectives of this FG is to establish GEM as the leading forum where comparative
planetary magnetospheric processes are workshopped to foster interactions between
communities. In a way, this is similar to the original NSF initiative that led to the GEM program
where we are aiming to form a community consensus on the outstanding questions that can be
addressed on a few year time scale. Therefore, our expectation is that after we establish the big
open questions that are common across planetary magnetospheres, we can then workshop those by
making novel use of the datasets and modelling outputs available.
 

== Goals & Deliverables ==
*'''Primary Community Goal:''' Establish GEM as the leading forum where comparative planetary magnetospheric processes are workshopped to foster interactions between communities.
*'''Primary Science Goal:''' Assess the physical processes within our Solar System that ultimately shape the diverse planetary magnetospheric environments with the aim of uncovering parameter regimes associated with distinct and universal mechanisms.
 
'''Community Deliverables:''' 1) First and foremost, develop a forum where the GEM and planetary magnetospheric (a relatively small group) communities can come together to discuss the most
interesting and pressing synergistic problems; 2) develop tools and user guides (including a compendium of relevant papers) to facilitate in sharing of data and simulation outputs between the Earth and Planetary magnetospheric communities; 3) produce an event list across the various Planetary and Terrestrial missions for the community to focus on specific comparative aspects.
 
'''Science Deliverables:''' 1) evaluate the maturity of specific magnetospheric processes at different planets (e.g., importance of radial transport in supplying radiation belts, how material laden magnetospheres sculpt particle distributions, how ion outflow is modified between strongly and Figure 2: Images of Jupiter’s (panel A), and Earth’s (panel B) northern auroral regions. Right panel illustrates Jupiter’s modeled magnetic field based on its fast rotation and interaction with the solar wind. Credit: Zhang et al. (2021). weakly magnetized planets, etc.) and the robustness of corresponding datasets; 2) once objective 1 is complete, rank specific outstanding problems that can be addressed within current observations
and modelling capabilities; 3) strive to develop semi-empirical relationships associated with the outstanding problems in objective (2) to aid in future modelling efforts.

== Expected Activities ==
We will organize workshop-style sessions at GEM summer and mini-GEM workshops to foster interactions between these similar communities so we can address the comparative science topics. Specific activities include:
 
1) review current understanding of magnetospheric processes in different planets and identify key questions that can be investigated with current data sets & modeling capabilities (may vary from planet-to-planet);
 
2) identify specific events to analyze;
 
3) pursue data-model comparisons to identify physical mechanisms or perhaps the absence thereof;
 
4) assess under what conditions (e.g., internally driven vs. externally driven vs. induced interactions; material laden environments; moons sourcing local waves that may seed radiation belts, etc.) certain processes are dominant or no longer exist.

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-09T20:13:45Z

Dsozturk: /* 1. CPMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-09T20:06:26Z

Dsozturk: /* 1. CPMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 10:30-12:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-07T04:15:35Z

Dsozturk: /* 1. CPMP-MPEC joint session, Tuesday, 13 June, 13:30-15:00 PT, Room Pacific A */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2023-06-07T04:15:11Z

Dsozturk: /* GEM Workshops */

FG: Understanding the causes of geomagnetic disturbances in geospace for hazard analysis on geomagnetically induced currents

2023-06-07T03:09:19Z

Dsozturk: /* 2023 GEM Summer Workshop */

FG: Understanding the causes of geomagnetic disturbances in geospace for hazard analysis on geomagnetically induced currents

2023-06-07T02:49:06Z

Dsozturk: /* 2023 GEM Summer Workshop */

FG: Magnetospheric Sources of Particle Precipitation and Their Role on Electrodynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Systems

2022-12-11T16:47:07Z