FG: 3D Ionospheric Electrodynamics and Its Impact on the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupled System

Focus Group Chairs

• Hyunju Connor (hkconnor@alaska.edu)
• Bin Zhang (binzheng@ucar.edu)
• Gang Lu (ganglu@ucar.edu)
• Haje Korth (haje.korth@jhuapl.edu)

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Term

• Five years (2017-2021)

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Research area

• Magnetosphere – Ionosphere Coupling
• Global System Modeling

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Topic

The magnetosphere is one of the major energy sources that drive the Earth's upper atmosphere. During geomagnetic storms, the magnetosphere transmits significant energy and momentum into the upper atmosphere via field-aligned currents, Poynting flux, and auroral precipitation. In response, the ionospheric electric potentials and conductances increase, the thermosphere heats and expands, and the global atmospheric circulation changes. The ionosphere – thermosphere feedback can also influence magnetospheric dynamics. The heated thermosphere can enhance ionospheric outflows and change magnetic reconnection rates. The modified global circulation redistributes plasmas and neutrals, alters the ionospheric conductance and electric field, and thus changes the magnetospheric convection and reconnection. Although strong coupling of the magnetosphere – ionosphere – thermosphere (MIT) system are widely recognized by the space science community, studying this coupling dynamics as a whole global system has yet to be conducted comprehensively. To magnetospheric scientists, the ionosphere is treated as a two- dimensional, low-altitude boundary. The mass and momentum exchanges between the magnetosphere and the IT system are often ignored. More realistic calculation of upper atmospheric dynamics is necessary in the global magnetosphere - ionosphere models. To upper atmospheric scientists, simple statistical convection patterns and empirical auroral precipitation fluxes driven by the Kp and hemispheric power indices are commonly used to infer complicated magnetospheric dynamics. As a consequence, global IT models (e.g. CTIPe, TIEGCM, and GTIM) cannot sufficiently capture the spatiotemporal dynamics of magnetospheric energy sources during strong geomagnetic activities, thus limiting the predictive capability of these models when it is most needed. More realistic calculation of magnetospheric energy input is necessary. In recent years, the coupled magnetosphere – ionosphere – thermosphere (MIT) models (e.g. OpenGGCM- CTIM, LFM-TIEGCM, BATSRUS-GTIM, and AMIE-TIEGCM) have been gradually matured to the point to revisit the extensive ground/space observations and to investigate the complex coupling processes of the MIT system. It is thus the proper time to build on and expand these recent efforts. For the next five years, this new focus group (FG) will address, via modeling and observational approaches, 1) where, when, and how magnetospheric energy contributes to the IT system and 2) how the IT system feeds back to the magnetosphere.

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Goals and Deliverables

The ultimate goal of this focus group is to advance our physics-based understanding of global magnetosphere – ionosphere – thermosphere coupling dynamics. We are particularly interested in the following topics:

1. Momentum/Energy input from the magnetosphere to the upper atmosphere: The small and large-scale patterns of field-aligned currents, auroral precipitation, and Poynting flux during various geomagnetic events will be carefully examined using observations, theoretical calculations, and numerical simulations.
2. Responses of three-dimensional IT system to the magnetospheric input: This FG will investigate the impact of magnetospheric momentum/energy inputs on the three- dimensional IT system using global MIT models and/or global IT models coupled with AMIE. We will address how the spatiotemporal dynamics of magnetospheric input modifies the altitudinal profiles of electron density, ionospheric conductivity, and Joule heating. We will also study how this modification influences global ionospheric electrodynamics.
3. IT feedbacks to the magnetosphere: Variations in global ionospheric electrodynamics can influence the magnetospheric convection patterns and modify the magnetic reconnection rates. The coupled magnetosphere – ionosphere – thermosphere models can be a good tool to investigate the IT dynamics and their impact on the magnetospheric phenomena. Additionally, strong Joule heating and enhanced ionospheric temperature can produce ion outflows and modulate the reconnection rates. The outcome from this FG can be a good asset for the ion outflow modelers.

The main deliverables of this focus group will include the development, refinement, and application of more comprehensive and self-consistent, physics-based models that cover from the magnetosphere to the upper atmosphere, those of which fulfill the main objective of the GEM program.

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2018 GEM Workshop

• Location:

Eldorado Hotel & Spa, 309 W San Francisco Street, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501

• Time:

01:30 - 03:00pm on Jun 22 (Friday): Joint IEMIT & IHMIC session

03:30 - 05:00pm on Jun 22 (Friday): IEMIT-only session

Dear GEM and CEDAR scientists,

Our sessions are scheduled on Friday before the GEM-CEDAR joint workshop. We encourage both GEM and CEDAR scientists to join and discuss the recent results in the MI, IT, or MIT fields. If you are interested in giving a talk, please send the title of your talk and the session you are interested in (joint IEMIT-IHMIC session or IEMIT session) to Hyunju Connor at (hkconnor@alaska.edu). We are looking forward to your participation.

We have 7 confirmed speakers so far. The detailed schedule will be determined and posted at this webpage as the meeting date gets closer.

1. Olga Verkhoglyadova: dynamic and localized energy transport in the high-latitude IT
2. Christine Gabrielse: Statistical study of mesoscale plasma flows in the ionosphere
3. Marc Lessard : Neutral upwelling event observed from the RENU2 sounding rocket
4. Brant Sadler : Cyclic (on/off) soft precipitation induced by Poleward Moving Auroral Forms (PMAF)
5. Russell Cosgrove : Failure of the Electrostatic Assumption and Affects on E-Region Coupling
6. Kristina Lynch: Isinglass auroral rocket study and ARCS (Auroral Reconstruction CubeSwarm) mission
7. Kevin Pham: CMIT-IPWM one way coupling - Thermosphere impact on the magnetosphere

Thank you very much,

Hyunju Connor, Binzheng Zhang, Gang Lu, and Haje Korth.

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2017 Mini-GEM Workshop - Updated on Dec 6

• Location: Magnolia Room, Hilton Garden Inn - New Orleans Convention Center, 1001 S Peters St, New Orleans, LA70130

• Time: 15:30 - 17:00pm on Dec 10

Dear speakers,

Here is a tentative schedule for our mini-GEM session. Please visit this website again for the final schedule. If you need to change the schedule, please send an email to hkconnor@alaska.edu.

We now have a total of 11 speakers. We still keep 10min per talk except the last two talks. For speakers who get 10 mins, please prepare 7min talk and 3min question time. To save time, please send your presentation files to hkconnor@alaska.edu by 3pm on Dec 10. This session will follow a typical GEM style format, i.e., audiences can ask questions during the presentations. We are looking forward to your talks. Thank you.

1. Evan Thomas: New statistical patterns of ionospheric convection derived from SuperDARN observations
2. Jennifer Carter: Two mechanisms for dayside polar cap auroral emissions under northward IMF
3. Alex Chartier: Puzzling Global (N+S) December Maximum of Polar Cap Patches Observed using Swarm
4. Qingyu Zhu: Impacts of small scale electric field/particle precipitation on Joule heating: GITM simulations
5. Olga Verkhoglyadova: Semi-analytical estimation of energy deposition by Alfven waves into the ionosphere during storms
6. Robert Rankin: Suppression of the ionospheric feedback instability
7. Ryan McGranaghan: Characteristics of multi-scale field aligned currents and implications for the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system
8. Doga Ozturk: Response of the coupled M-I-T system to the March 17, 2015 solar wind dynamic pressure enhancement event, insights from numerical studies
9. Ivan Pakhotin: The role of Alfven waves in M-I coupling: Swarm observations of large-amplitude magnetic perturbations during northward IMF
10. Dong Lin (5min talk): The Role of Solar Wind Density in the Cross Polar Cap Potential Saturation under Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field
11. Naomi Maruyama (5min talk): Ionosphere-Plasmasphere-Magnetosphere coupling during the St. Patrick's Day Storms on 2013 and 2015

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Session Proposal

Download the session proposal here.